ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION

Agenda We will explore ecological succession. I will explain the difference between primary and secondary succession.

ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION NOTES Primary Succession: When does it occur? Pioneer Species: Ex: Secondary Succession:

Ecological Succession https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V49IovRSJDs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jZKIHe2LDP8&t=73s

Ecological Succession: Series of environmental changes that occur in a predictable way.

Types of Succession Primary Succession And Secondary Succession

Primary Succession Begins in a place without any soil Sides of volcanoes Glacier recession Starts with the arrival of living things such as lichens that do not need soil to survive Called PIONEER SPECIES

The Island of Surtsey… Example of Primary Succession New Land Formed from an Underwater Volcano

Primary Succession Soil starts to form as lichens and the forces of weather and erosion help break down rocks into smaller pieces When lichens die, they decompose, adding small amounts of organic matter to the rock to make soil

Primary Succession Simple plants like mosses and ferns can grow in the new soil

Primary Succession Insects, small birds, and mammals have begun to move in What was once bare rock now supports a variety of life

Secondary Succession New plant life that occurs after all plant life has been destroyed. (Soil still intact)

Secondary Succession Begins in a place that already has soil and was once the home of living organisms Occurs faster and has different pioneer species than primary succession Example: after forest fires

http://www.geo.arizona.edu

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http://www.agen.ufl.edu

Result of Both = Climax Community A stable group of plants and animals that is the end result of the succession process Does not always mean big trees Grasses in prairies Cacti in deserts

create & complete the venn diagram Primary Secondary

You Have 5 Minutes to Complete this Section! After reading each scenario, decide if the description is primary or secondary succession. Place a P by the primary examples and a S by the secondary examples.

Read each description and decided whether it is primary or secondary succession. An old house was torn down. Small plants and grasses grew in a vacant lot. Over the next few years, bushes and tree seedlings began to grow. An undersea volcano erupted and formed a small island. Mosses and lichens began to grow on the bare volcanic rock. A logging company cut down all the large spruce trees in an area of forest. After the area was cleared, spruce seedlings began to sprout. Animals returned to the area. A wildfire broke out across the California area and continued to spread for several days. As a result, many plants and crops were destroyed and animals for forced to find new shelter. A glacier retreats and leaves behind gravel deposits called moraine. The youngest moraines are populated with bacteria and fungi and will soon become lichens.

create & complete the venn diagram Primary Secondary No Soil No previous land Formed from volcanoes, sand dunes, glacier recession Slower than secondary pioneer plants are first to grow Soil is present Preexisting land Forms after human impact or natural disasters (fires, floods, tsunamis, hurricanes) Faster than primary No need for pioneer plants progress to mature/ climax stage types of succession have biotic and abiotic factors

Read each description and decided whether it is primary or secondary succession. __S____ An old house was torn down. Small plants and grasses grew in a vacant lot. Over the next few years, bushes and tree seedlings began to grow. __P____ An undersea volcano erupted and formed a small island. Mosses and lichens began to grow on the bare volcanic rock. ___S___ A logging company cut down all the large spruce trees in an area of forest. After the area was cleared, spruce seedlings began to sprout. Animals returned to the area. ___S___ A wildfire broke out across the California area and continued to spread for several days. As a result, many plants and crops were destroyed and animals for forced to find new shelter. ____P__ A glacier retreats and leaves behind gravel deposits called moraine. The youngest moraines are populated with bacteria and fungi and will soon become lichens.

exit ticket Explain: How is primary succession like a homemade meal? How is secondary succession like leftovers?