From 1908 to 1912 What would he decide to do? What did he accomplish? What did he hope for? What did he get? What did he do? 1912 Election

What did he accomplish? security freedom R D

What did he accomplish? security freedom R D

What did he accomplish? security freedom R D

What did he accomplish? equality security freedom R D

What did he hope for? Tariff revision () Continued regulation Continued “trust busting” Continued conservation Vigorous foreign policy

Tariff Revision Lower Tariffs  More Foreign Goods Increased Competition Lower Prices Happier Consumers Less Government Revenue Federal Tax Code Revision – Income Tax

What did he get? Bathtub Taft’s Temperament Payne – Aldrich Tariff Controversy, 1909 Ballinger – Pinchot Dispute

Taft’s Political Temperament security freedom R D Supreme Court Factor

TR’s Land Conservationists!!!! TR - President James R. Garfield Secretary of Interior Gifford Pinchot Chief of Forrest Service

Taft’s Land Conservationists? Gifford Pinchot Chief of Forrest Service Richard Ballinger Secretary of Interior Taft - President

Taft’s Land Conservationists? Gifford Pinchot Chief of Forrest Service Richard Ballinger Secretary of Interior Taft - President

Payne – Aldrich Tariff Controversy Rep. Sereno Payne (R –NY) Sen. Nelson Aldrich (R- RI) signed by Taft in 1909 lowered the general tariff rate from 46% to 41% contained excise tax on corporate profits  650 tariff items,  220 and left 1,150 untouched net result ... did very little … except anger TR

What did he do? “My hat is in the ring….” The 1912 Republican Primary !?!?!?! The Progressive Party

1912 Election Overview Candidates Outcome

Hamiltonian means to Jeffersonian ends… Overview Hamiltonian means to Jeffersonian ends… S P R D D

Overview “equality” “security” “liberty” “freedom” S P R D D

Eugene Debs Socialist Woodrow Wilson Democrat Theodore Roosevlet Progressive William Taft Republican

EUGENE DEBS Socialist Party   4th attempt for president means of production: government owned government run change via radical means government assured: health employment education redistribute $$$$ via taxes WOODROW WILSON Democrat Party “New Freedom” end monopolies encourage small business collective bargaining laws tariff reduction federal income tax banking reform THEODORE ROOSEVELT Progressive Party “New Nationalism” regulate monopolies women’s suffrage direct election of Senators minimum wage national health service 8 hr. day; 6 day week prohibit child labor WILLIAM TAFT Republican Party high, protective tariff immigration restrictions

The Outcome – Popular Vote% TR Progressive ≈27%  Eugene V. Debs Socialist ≈7%  Woodrow Wilson Democrat ≈43%  William H. Taft Republican ≈22% 

Pro Consumer Pro Business

1909 P-A Tariff: general tariff rate lowered from 46% to 41% … lowered 650 tariff items, raised 220 and left 1,150 untouched. Pro Consumer Pro Business

Progressivism 1900 1920 Roosevelt Taft Wilson Imperialism

https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/02/15/us/supreme-court-nominations-election-year-scalia.html

Agenda Thank You For Your Cooperation Yesterday  My Apologies …  The “Great Divorce” of 1912 (listen) Page 6: 1912 Election (watch) Page 7: The Wilson Years Economics 101 Wilson’s Blind Spots Collect Homework AP Exam Registration

The Outcome – Popular Vote% TR Progressive ≈27%  Eugene V. Debs Socialist ≈7%  Woodrow Wilson Democrat ≈43%  William H. Taft Republican ≈22% 