Understanding Language Through Context Pragmatics Understanding Language Through Context

Embodied knowledge From personal experience (sights, sounds, smells) Relevant to texts based on memoir Embodied knowledge

Contextual rather than textual knowledge Contextual rather than textual knowledge. The ideas you already have about a topic is your schema for that topic. If you have a rich schema for something, it means you know a lot about it. An audience may need a schema for the topic to understand some texts Schematic Knowledge

Spanish television U.S. Politics Football Japan Northern Ireland Schematic Knowledge Spanish television U.S. Politics Football Japan Northern Ireland France Do you have a rich or poor schema for….

Conventions of Communication In the Anthology Paris, you will find examples of the following (especially in the spontaneous, spoken mode of communication). Knowing these terms will help you to analyse them. Conversational maxims Politeness Deixis (context reliant meaning) Conventions of Communication

Conversational Maxims Rules of conversation: Quantity: don’t talk too much or too little Quality: be honest Relevance: stay on topic Manner: be clear Conversational Maxims

Politeness Strategies People often use politeness strategies when communicating. Flattery Indirect questions Apologising before asking Politeness Strategies

Dexis (context based) There are three deictic categories: Person deixis: he, we, etc Spatial dexis: here, that, etc. Temporal dexis: now, later that night, etc. Dexis can be proximal (close) or distal (at a distance from the speaker). Complete Activity 3 on page 54 of the course book . Dexis (context based)

Task Conversational maxims Politeness Deixis Look for examples of these in texts in the Anthology Paris. Task