On a possibility of baryonic exotica Michał Praszałowicz in collaboration with M.V. Polyakov (Bochum) H.-C. Kim (Incheon)

2003 LEPS Collaboration

July 2003

exotic quantum numbers very small width: a few MeV July 2003 exotic quantum numbers small mass: 1.5 GeV very small width: a few MeV

Michal Praszalowicz, Krakow Quark Model (uudds): 4 x 350 + 500 ~ 1900 MeV  ~ 400 - 1000 MeV pentaquark: strangeness +1 + (2s) - (s) = 150 MeV spin 1/2 parity   13.3.2007 Michal Praszalowicz, Krakow

Michal Praszalowicz, Krakow Chiral Soliton Models Biedenharn, Dothan (1984): 10-8 ~ 600 MeV Skyrme model MP (1987): M= 1535 MeV Skyrme model in model independent approach, second order Diakonov, Petrov, Polyakov (1997): QM - model independent approach, 1/Nc corrections  M= 1530 MeV small width < 15 MeV ! In Chiral Soliton Models quark-antiquark pairs are added as chiral excitations of low mass (pion is massless!) rather than as two constituent (i.e. heavy) quarks. Michal Praszalowicz, Krakow

Michal Praszalowicz, Krakow Soliton Quark Model (uudds): 4 x 350 + 500 ~ 1900 MeV 1500 MeV  ~ 400 MeV a few MeV pentaquark: strangeness +1 + (2s) - (s) = 150 MeV 350 spin 1/2 parity +  13.3.2007 Michal Praszalowicz, Krakow

What is the experimental status of light pentaquarks today? + 

LEPS and various conference proceedings e.g. T. Nakano MENU 2016

DIANA

dissidents from CLAS

disicalaimer from CLAS

What is the experimental status of light pentaquarks today? + 

NA 49

What is the experimental status of light pentaquarks today? + 

Pentanucleon? D. Werthmuller et al. [A2 Collaboration] Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 (2013) 23, 232001 Eur. Phys. J. A 49 (2013) 154 Phys. Rev. Rev. C 90 (2014) 015205 28.01.15 Michał Praszałowicz

Pentanucleon? M.V. Polyakov and A. Rathke, On photoexcitation of baryon anti-decuplet Eur. Phys. J. A 18 (2003) 691 natural (but not the only one) explanation if N* is a pentaquark

QCD: quarks and gluons many quark nonlocal interactions integrate out gluons many quark nonlocal interactions Lagrangian chirally symmetric approximation: manyq, nonl. 4q, local Nambu Jona Lasinio model spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking semibosonization: qqqq qq Chiral Quark Model M. Praszałowicz

Chiral Quark Soliton Model QCD vacuum:

Chiral Quark Soliton Model QCD vacuum:

Chiral Quark Soliton Model chiral symmetry breaking: chirally inv. manyquark int.

Chiral Quark Soliton Model adding vlence quarks: chirally inv. manyquark int.

Chiral Quark Soliton Model “classical” baryon: chirally inv. manyquark int. soliton configuration no quantum numbers except B

Chiral Quark Soliton Model “classical” baryon: = Nc × chiral symmetry breaking chirally inv. manyquark int. soliton configuration no quantum numbers except B color factorizes!

Chiral Quark Soliton Model baryon: chirally inv. manyquark int. soliton configuration no quantum numbers except B rotation generates flavor and spin

Mass formula first order perturbation in the strange quark mass O(1) corrections to Mcl do not allow for absolute mass predictions octet-decuplet splitting exotic-nonexotic splittings known ? first order perturbation in the strange quark mass and in Nc: x P.O. Mazur, M.A. Nowak, MP, Phys. Lett. 147B (1984) 137 E. Guadagnini, Nucl. Phys. B236 (1984) 35 S. Jain, S.R. Wadia, Nucl. Phys. B258 (1985) 713

Allowed states

Successful Phenomenology Ch.V. Christov et al. Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 37 (1996) 91 Successful Phenomenology In a ”model independent” approach one can get both good fits to the existing data (including very narrow light pentaquark Θ+) one can fix all necessary model parameters: M, I1, I2, α, β, γ

Successful Phenomenology Ch.V. Christov et al. Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 37 (1996) 91 Successful Phenomenology In a ”model independent” approach one can get both good fits to the existing data (including very narrow light pentaquark Θ+) one can fix all necessary model parameters: M, I1, I2, α, β, γ but also one can recover the NRQM result in a special limit NRQM limit = = squeezing the soliton to zero size MP, A. Blotz, K. Goeke Phys. Lett. B354 (1995) 415

NRQM Limit energy is calculated with respect to the vacuum: Diakonov, Petrov, Polyakov, Z.Phys A359 (97) 305 MP, A.Blotz K.Goeke, Phys.Lett.B354:415-422,1995 energy is calculated with respect to the vacuum:

NRQM Limit energy is calculated with respect to the vacuum: Diakonov, Petrov, Polyakov, Z.Phys A359 (97) 305 MP, A.Blotz K.Goeke, Phys.Lett.B354:415-422,1995 energy is calculated with respect to the vacuum:

NRQM Limit energy is calculated with respect to the vacuum: Diakonov, Petrov, Polyakov, Z.Phys A359 (97) 305 MP, A.Blotz K.Goeke, Phys.Lett.B354:415-422,1995 energy is calculated with respect to the vacuum: in the NRQM limit only valence level contributes

NRQM Limit energy is calculated with respect to the vacuum: Diakonov, Petrov, Polyakov, Z.Phys A359 (97) 305 MP, A.Blotz K.Goeke, Phys.Lett.B354:415-422,1995 energy is calculated with respect to the vacuum: in the NRQM limit only valence level contributes

NRQM Limit pentaquark width = 0 ! energy is calculated Diakonov, Petrov, Polyakov, Z.Phys A359 (97) 305 MP, A.Blotz K.Goeke, Phys.Lett.B354:415-422,1995 energy is calculated with respect to the vacuum: pentaquark width = 0 ! in the NRQM limit only valence level contributes

Soliton with Nc− 1 quarks if Nc is large, Nc- 1 is also large and one can use the same mean field arguments (Nc−1) × color factorizes! plus one heavy quark G.S. Yang, H.C. Kim, M.V. Polyakov, MP Phys. Rev. D94 (2016) 071502

Allowed SU(3) irreps. = (Nc−1)/3

Heavy Baryons: soliton + heavy Q

Splittings inside multiplets = SL one has to add h.f. interaction

Splittings inside multiplets Equal splittings within multiplets follow from Eckhart-Wigner theorem (GMO relations)

Splittings inside multiplets Equal splittings within multiplets follow from Eckhart-Wigner theorem (GMO relations) however the relation between the deltas does not follow from Eckhart-Wigner theorem

Splittings inside multiplets from the fits to the light sector we get: (exp.: 178 MeV) 13% (exp.: 121 MeV)

Splittings inside multiplets Successful phenomenology from the fits to the light sector we get: G.S. Yang, H.C. Kim, M.V. Polyakov, MP Phys. Rev. D94 (2016) 071502 (exp.: 178 MeV) 13% (exp.: 121 MeV)

Rotational excitations: heavy pentaquarks 2/3 H.C. Kim, M.V. Plyakov, MP arXiv:1704.04082 [hep-ph]

Rotational excitations: heavy pentaquarks soliton in 15 (quatroquark) (spin 1 < spin 0) + heavy quark: 1/2 + 3/2 2/3 H.C. Kim, M.V. Plyakov, MP arXiv:1704.04082 [hep-ph]

Rotational excitations: heavy pentaquarks soliton in 15 (quatroquark) (spin 1 < spin 0) + heavy quark: 1/2 + 3/2 2/3 H.C. Kim, M.V. Plyakov, MP arXiv:1704.04082 [hep-ph]

Decay constants H.C. Kim, M.V. Plyakov, MP arXiv:1704.04082 [hep-ph]

Decay constants Expectations: some decays will be suppressed In NRQM limit: Expectations: some decays will be suppressed H.C. Kim, M.V. Plyakov, MP arXiv:1704.04082 [hep-ph]

Quark excitations: non-exotic heavy baryons V. Petrov, Acta Phys. Pol. B47 (2016) 59

Quark excitations: non-exotic heavy baryons Rotations generate quantum numbers

One K=1 quark excited solitons

3bar excited heavy baryons add heavy quark total spin 1/2 and 3/2

3bar excited heavy baryons experimentally: add heavy quark total spin 1/2 and 3/2 hyprfine splitting different from the ground state

sextet excited baryons

sextet excited baryons excited Omega_Q spectrum, 5 states

5 states!

Five very narrow resonances, unknown quantum numbers

Scenario 1: all LHCb Omega’s are sextet states violates constraints:

Scenario 1: all LHCb Omega’s are sextet states violates constraints: similar problem in the quark models

Scenario 2 force sextet constraints

heavy states above Ξ + D threshold, large p.s. also to Ωc+ π, can be very wide =24

Two narrow heavy states states (1 MeV) above inerpreted as Ξ + D pentaquarks heavy states above Ξ + D threshold, large p.s. also to Ωc+ π, can be very wide =24

Consequences Omega’s form isospin triplet, easy to check experimentally

Consequences rich structure - many new states, also in the case of b baryons Omega’s form isospin triplet, easy to check experimentally

Conclusions naive QM admits heavy pentaquarks with naturally large width soliton models ARE quark models successful phenomenology in the light baryon sector in soliton models pentaquarks are naturally light in NR limit no decay of antidecuplet to ocet (!) LEPS and DIANA results stand null results put bounds on prod. mechanism rather than exclude 5q narrow structure in eta photoproduction on n – signature of 5q? confirmation or refutation of NA49 result needed heavy baryons can be desribed in terms of Nc-1 quark soliton two types of excitations: rotations: 15-bar (exotic) quark excitations (regular) two of the LHCb Omega_c states may be interpreted as 5q

Backup slides

Prediction for Ω*b Ω*c = 2764.5 ± 3.1 MeV (2765.9 ± 2.0) model – independent relation: satisfied for charm: Ω*c = 2764.5 ± 3.1 MeV (2765.9 ± 2.0)

Ω*b = 6079.8 ± 2.3 MeV (to be confirmed) Prediction for Ω*b model – independent relation: satisfied for charm: Ω*c = 2764.5 ± 3.1 MeV (2765.9 ± 2.0) Ω*b = 6079.8 ± 2.3 MeV (to be confirmed)

How narrow they are? Assume p-wave decay and extract coupling from Delta decay

ground state L = 0 spin 1/2 h.f. splitting 70 MeV spin 3/2 ss -diquark heavy quark h.f. splitting 70 MeV ss -diquark spin 3/2 heavy quark

spin 1/2, 3/2 spin 1/2, 3/2, 5/2 excited state L = 1 ss -diquark heavy quark ss -diquark spin 1/2, 3/2, 5/2 heavy quark

FIVE STATES as in LHCb ! spin 1/2, 3/2 spin 1/2, 3/2, 5/2 excited state L = 1 ss -diquark spin 1/2, 3/2 heavy quark FIVE STATES as in LHCb ! ss -diquark spin 1/2, 3/2, 5/2 heavy quark

Very narrow excited Ωc baryons Marek Karliner, Jonathan L. Rosner, e-Print: arXiv:1703.07774 take general spin potential, try sensible parameters, only 3 parameters: a2 + c, a1, b. does not work Six Ω0c states discovered by LHCb as new members of 1P and 2S charmed baryons Bing Chen, Xiang Liu, e-Print: arXiv:1704.02583 they have wave functions, so can calculate coefficients, calculate other known states. different mass ordering than KR, widths do not agree

Quantum numbers of recently discovered Ω0c baryons from lattice QCD M. Padmanath, Nilmani Mathur, e-Print: arXiv:1704.00259 h.f. splitting 70 MeV