Patterns of saphenous reflux in women with primary varicose veins

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Patterns of saphenous reflux in women with primary varicose veins Carlos Alberto Engelhorn, MD, PhD, Ana Luiza V. Engelhorn, MD, MS, Maria Fernanda Cassou, MD, Sergio X. Salles-Cunha, PhD, RVT Journal of Vascular Surgery Volume 41, Issue 4, Pages 645-651 (April 2005) DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2004.12.051 Copyright © 2005 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Patterns of great saphenous vein (GSV) reflux: (I) perijunctional from a saphenofemoral junction (SFJ) tributary into the GSV; (II) proximal GSV from the SFJ to a tributary or perforating vein; (III) distal GSV from a tributary or perforating vein to the paramalleolar level; (IV) segmental GSV from a tributary or perforating vein to another tributary or perforating vein. (V-1) multisegmental, nonrefluxing SFJ; (V-2) multisegmental, refluxing SFJ; and (VI) diffused throughout the entire GSV. Prevalence of each pattern is indicated as a percentage in the figure. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2005 41, 645-651DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2004.12.051) Copyright © 2005 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Patterns of small saphenous vein (SSV) reflux: (I) perijunctional from a saphenopopliteal junction (SPJ) tributary into the SSV; (II) proximal SSV from the popliteal junction to a tributary or perforating vein; (III) distal SSV from a tributary or perforating vein to the paramalleolar level; (IV) segmental SSV from a tributary or perforating vein to another tributary or perforating vein; (V-1) multisegmental, nonrefluxing SPJ; (V-2) multisegmental, refluxing SPJ; and (VI) diffused throughout the entire SSV. Prevalence of each pattern is indicated as a percentage in the figure. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2005 41, 645-651DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2004.12.051) Copyright © 2005 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 A, Refluxing great saphenous vein with a tributary as a source of reflux. Actual display was rotated by 90° to mimic the standing position of the patient during the examination. The transducer probe is at the right of the view. B, Reflux blood flow signal, above baseline, lasting >1 second as detected by duplex ultrasound scan. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2005 41, 645-651DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2004.12.051) Copyright © 2005 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions