Chapter 5: An-Najah National University Anatomy and Physiology 1

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 5: An-Najah National University Anatomy and Physiology 1 Faculty of Medicine Department of Physiology Anatomy and Physiology 1 7102101 Instructor: Heba Salah Chapter 5: The Nervous System Part 6: Protective Layers of the Brain, and the Spinal Cord

Protection of the Central Nervous System Scalp and skin Skull and vertebral column Meninges Cerebrospinal fluid Blood brain barrier

Meninges 1. Dura mater Double-layered external covering 2. Arachnoid layer Middle layer Web-like 3. Pia mater Internal layer Clings to the surface of the brain

Ventricles and Location of the Cerebrospinal Fluid

Blood Brain Barrier Includes the least permeable capillaries of the body Excludes many potentially harmful substances Useless against some substances: Fats and fat soluble molecules Respiratory gases Alcohol Nicotine Anesthesia

Spinal Cord Extends from the medulla oblongata to the region of T12 Below T12 is the cauda equina (a collection of spinal nerves) Enlargements occur in the cervical and lumbar regions

Spinal Cord Anatomy

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