Golden Age of Athens.

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Presentation transcript:

Golden Age of Athens

1. Architecture Three architectural orders Seeking harmony and balance Doric Ionic Corinthian Seeking harmony and balance Great influence in later architectural forms: Renaissance, Greek Revival (Neoclassic)

1. Architecture: Doric order

1. Architecture: Doric order

1. Architecture: Doric order Summary of features: Simple capitols Wide, solid columns Divided frieze (into metopes and triglyphs)

2. Architecture: Ionic order

2. Architecture: Ionic order

2. Architecture: Ionic order Summary of features: More slender columns Capitol in the shape of a volute Undivided frieze

3. Architecture: Corinthian order

3. Architecture: Corinthian order

3. Architecture: Corinthian order Summary of features: Acanthus leaves in capitol Undivided frieze

Which is which? Ionic Corinthian Doric

Harmony vs. dynamism

American Neoclassical Architecture

4. Athens and the Acropolis Athens reemerges from the Persian wars as a ruling power. The treasury of the Delian league is transferred to Athens. Pericles starts the reconstruction of the Acropolis (430-420 BCE).

4. The Acropolis today

4. The Acropolis (reconstruction)

5. The Propylea

6. Temple of Athena Nike

7. Statue of Athena Promachos

7. The Erechtheion Porch of the Maidens

8. The Parthenon

8. The Parthenon

9. Statue of Anthena Parthenos

10. Parthenon: Pediment Athena and Poseidon fighting to become the protectors of Athens. Birth of Athena (from Zeus’ head)

10. Parthenon: Pediment

10. Metopes

11. Parthenon: Frieze Pediment Metopes Frieze of the cella (inside the colonnade)

11. Parthenon: Frieze (Panathenaic procession)

11. Parthenon: Frieze (Panathenaic procession)

12. The Parthenon’s significance Public building project Athena as protector of Athens Political ideology regarding the barbaroi : iconography Political ideology: Panathenaic festival and the community: civic pride/identity Artistic arete : best architects (Ictinus, Callicrates and Mnesicles) and sculptor (Phidias)

13. Sculpture Archaic Style (6th century) Severe Style (early 5th century) High Classical Style (5th century) Fourth Century Style (4th century) Hellenistic (3rd- 2nd centuries)

13. Archaic Style (6th century)

13. Archaic Style (6th century) Rigidity Frontality Symmetry Egyptian influence Interest in human body No motion Archaic smile Kouros, kore

14. Severe Style (early 5th century)

14. Severe Style (early 5th century) Interest in human body Contrapposto More relaxed posture No motion

15. High Classical Style (5th century)

15. High Classical Style (5th century) Depiction of the perfect human body Canon of proportions Restrained motion Contrapposto Incipient curve Doryphoros (450-440 BCE, by Polykleitos)

15. High Classical Style (5th century) Pediment of the Parthenon ( 448-442 BCE ) by Phidias Diskobolos (460-450 BCE) by Myron

15. High Classical Style (5th century)

10. Sculpture A B C D

10. Sculpture Archaic kouros (B) Severe style (C) Classical Period (A) Hellenistic (D)

16. Athens: theater of Dionysius

17. Greek theater Dionysia: competition in Athens 3 tragedies and one satyr-play Chorus: group who dances and sings

17. Greek theater Actors: Only 3 or 4. Actors: Males wearing masks

17. Greek theater Tragedy: Theme: Mortals cannot escape pain and sorrow Objective: To arouse pity and horror Cathartic (purging) effect Themes: legends of ancient dynasties Originality lies in the treatment not in the plot

17. Greek theater Main Athenian dramatists: Aeschylus Persians, Oresteia Sophocles Antigone, Oedipus Euripides Medea Aristophanes Lysistrata (comedy)

18. Athens and Sparta in 435