Limiting reactants and Theoretical Yield

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Presentation transcript:

Limiting reactants and Theoretical Yield ·How to recognize when you have a Limiting Reactant problem: In the problem will be given the mass or moles of two (2) reactants. ·You must decide which reactant is used up first. That is the limiting reactant. The limiting reactant gives the least amount of Product (Theoretical Yield). ·The process: 1) Calculate the mass of product possible from each reactant. Use the roadmap. 2) Compare the two results to see which gives the least amount of product. (theoretical yield)

Limiting reactants and Theoretical Yield ·The calculation that gives the least amount of product is from the Limiting Reactant. ·Theoretical Yield is the mass of product calculated from the limiting reactant. ·The excess reactant will be the one that produces the most product.

Sample Prob E pg. 314 PCl3 + 3H2O --> H3PO3 + 3HCl 225 g PCl3 1mol PCl3 1mol H3PO3 82.00 g H3PO3 225 g PCl3 1mol H3PO3 137.32 g PCl3 1mol PCl3 =134 g H3PO3 1mol H3PO3 82.00 g H3PO3 123g H2O 1mole H2O 1mol H3PO3 18.02 g H2O 3mole H2O =187 g H3PO3 Limiting = PCl3 (produces the least product) Theoretical Yield = 134g H3PO3 Excess = H2O

Limiting = PCl3 (produces the least product) Sample Prob E pg. 314 Results: 225 g PCl3 would produce 134 g H3PO3 187 g H3PO3 123g H2O would produce Limiting = PCl3 (produces the least product) Excess = H2O Theoretical Yield = 134g H3PO3