Lecture #8 Date _________

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Chapter 19~The Organization and Control of Eukaryotic Genomes

Advertisements

Control of gene expression

Chromosomes and DNA Packaging Chapter 5. The Problem Human genome (in diploid cells) = 6 x 10 9 bp Human genome (in diploid cells) = 6 x 10 9 bp 6 x 10.

Chapter 19 Reading Quiz 1.What are the proteins called around which DNA winds? 2.What is the basic unit of DNA packing? 3.The attachment of methyl groups.

Chapters 18 & 19 Bacteria Viruses & Operon Systems.

Describe the structure of a nucleosome, the basic unit of DNA packaging in eukaryotic cells.

Gene Regulation Chapter 15. Gene Regulation 2Outline Prokaryotic Regulation  trp Operon  lac Operon Eukaryotic Regulation  Transcriptional Control.

Lecture #8Date _________ n Chapter 19~ The Organization and Control of Eukaryotic Genomes.

Chapter 19 The Organization and Control of Eukaryotic Genomes.

Molecular Biology of Cancer What are the environmental influences that are cancer-causing? What is the difference between an oncogene and a proto-oncogene?

DNA Structure DNA consists of two molecules that are arranged into a ladder-like structure called a Double Helix. A molecule of DNA is made up of millions.

Structure of Chromatin

DNA Organization.

NOTES: CH 18 part 2 - The Molecular Biology of Cancer

Genomic Organization in Eukaryotes Ch 19. In Prokaryotes… -DNA was circular -It is smaller that eukaryotic DNA -Less elaborately structured -And also,

Chapters 18 & 19 Bacteria Viruses & Operon Systems.

How Cells Divide Chapter 11.

Chapter 19 The Organization and Control of Eukaryotic Genomes.

Spring 2009: Section 3 – lecture 1 Reading – Chapter 3 Chapter 10, pages

STRUCTURE OF CHROMATIN

Eukaryotic Gene Regulation. Chromatin Structure  DNA & protein  1) Nucleosomes  DNA & histones (proteins)  DNA wrapped around 8-piece histone bead.

N Chapter 18~ Microbial Models: The Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria.

Regulation of Gene Expression Bacterial Gene Regulation Eukaryotic Gene Regulation.

Chapter 16 Molecular Basis of Inheritance Dr. Joseph Silver.

Gene Regulation Chapter 15. Gene Regulation 2Outline Prokaryotic Regulation  trp Operon  lac Operon Eukaryotic Regulation  Transcriptional Control.

Chapters 18 & 19 Bacteria Viruses & Operon Systems.

Regulation of Gene Activity. Conservation Remember, our bodies are conservative, they only make what we need, when we need it. How do they know this???

Gene Expression. Cell Differentiation Cell types are different because genes are expressed differently in them. Causes:  Changes in chromatin structure.

N Chapter 18~ Microbial Models: The Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria.

The Organization and Control of Eukaryotic Genomes

Chapter 18 Regulation of Gene Expression Dr. Joseph Silver.

Eukaryotic Genomes: The Organization and Control.

CHAPTER 19 THE ORGANIZATION AND CONTROL OF EUKARYOTIC GENOMES.

(CHAPTER 10- Brooker Text) Chromosomal Organization & Molecular Structure Sept 13, 2007 BIO 184 Dr. Tom Peavy.

Molecular Biology Eukaryotic Genome Structure. The human genome: nuclear and mitochondrial components.

Chromosome Oragnisation. What chromosome is made of? - chromosome is made of chromatin (nucleic acid and protein). - when in mitotic and meiotic stages.

Eukaryotic Gene Control. Gene Organization: Chromatin: Complex of DNA and Proteins Structure base on DNA packing.

Chapter Eukaryotic Genomes

Eukaryotic Genomes: Organization, Regulation, and Evolution

Eukaryotic Genomes 11 November, 2005 Text Chapter 19.

CHROMOSOMAL ORGANIZATION Chapter 16, Section 3. Chromatin: DNA at its associated proteins. DNA, the Double Helix ■Sugar-phosphate backbones on the exterior.

Gene Expression: Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes AP Biology Ch 18.

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Concept 16.3 A Chromosome consists of a DNA molecule packed together with proteins The bacterial chromosome is a double-stranded, circular DNA molecule.

REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION

Eukaryotic Genome Control Mechanisms for Gene Expression

Eukaryotic Genome & Gene Regulation

Gene Expression.

GENE REGULATION in Eukaryotic Cells

The Organization and Control of Eukaryotic Genomes

Chapter 18 –Regulation of Gene Expression

Concept 18.5: Cancer results from genetic changes that affect cell cycle control The gene regulation systems that go wrong during cancer are the very same.

Topic 7: The Organization and Control of Eukaryotic Genomes

Biology, 9th ed,Sylvia Mader

Lecture #8 Date _________

Eukaryotic Genome Control Mechanisms for Gene expression

BIOLOGY 12 Cancer.

Regulation of Gene Expression

Eukaryotic Genomes: The Organization and Control.

Eukaryotic Genome Control Mechanisms for Gene expression

THE ORGANIZATION AND CONTROL OF EUKARYOTIC GENOMES

How Cells Divide-Mitosis

T--A--C--A--A--G--T--A--C-- T--T--G--T--T--T--C--T--T--A--A—A

Eukaryotic Genome Control Mechanisms for Gene expression

Biology, 9th ed,Sylvia Mader

Genes & Chromosomes Compaction of DNA Supercoiling Relaxed.

DNA Repair and Chromosome Structure

Biology, 9th ed,Sylvia Mader

CHAPTER 19 THE ORGANIZATION AND CONTROL OF EUKARYOTIC GENOMES

Presentation transcript:

Lecture #8 Date _________ Chapter 19~ The Organization and Control of Eukaryotic Genomes

Chromatin Def: complex of DNA and proteins DNA Packing •histone protein (+ charged amino acids ~ phosphates of DNA are - charged) Nucleosome •”beads on a string”; basic unit of DNA packing Heterochromatin •highly condensed interphase DNA (can not be transcribed) Euchromatin •less compacted interphase DNA (can be transcribed)

DNA Packing

Molecular Biology of Cancer Oncogene •cancer-causing genes Proto-oncogene •normal cellular genes How? 1-movement of DNA; chromosome fragments that have rejoined incorrectly 2-amplification; increases the number of copies of proto-oncogenes 3-proto-oncogene point mutation; protein product more active or more resistant to degradation Tumor-suppressor genes •changes in genes that prevent uncontrolled cell growth (cancer growth stimulated by the absence of suppression)