The Vietnam War 1954-1975

Vietnam Era – Day 1 Agenda: Unit Introduction Packet (5 min.) Notes (25 min.) Today’ magic color is YELLOW Video: Vietnam in HD (20 min.) Vietnam Map (remaining time - 35 min.)

Video: Deconstructing History – Vietnam

Vietnam Independence Timeline 1000 years: China rules Vietnam 1850s: French colonize “Indochina” 1919: Ho Chi Minh emerges in Paris at end of WWI, tries to petition President Wilson for self-determination for Vietnam 1927-30: Two communist parties founded in north to resist French rule 1940: WWII begins, Japan invades Vietnam 1945: Japan surrenders, Ho Chi Minh declares independence, French compete for control 1946-1954: First Vietnam War, China & USSR support Ho Chi Minh; U.S. supports France 1954: Battle of Dien Bien Phu – Vietminh defeat French Geneva Accords  French leave; divide Vietnam at 17th parallel (National elections to be held in two years)

Ho Chi Minh The French had condemned him to death for his rebellious activity, he fled Vietnam – later returned Vietnamese Communist revolutionary leader who was prime minister and president of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam).

Domino Theory If a nation falls under communist control, nearby nations will also fall under communist control – like dominos

U.S. Goes To War So what happened at the Gulf of Tonkin? Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (1964): Joint resolution of Congress passed in response to the Gulf of Tonkin Incident, authorized LBJ to take any measures necessary to retaliate and promote international peace and security in southeast Asia (bombing strikes on the North Vietnam). So what happened at the Gulf of Tonkin? Video: History in the Headlines Regardless, some consider this the beginning of the Vietnam War (Second Indochina War) while others consider it to be 1954

U.S. Supported Coup Ngo Dinh Diem (No din de-em) became increasingly unpopular Corrupt and Authoritarian Intensified attacks on Buddhism 1963: JFK supports a Vietnamese military coup d’etat Diem killed Nov. 2nd Kennedy assassinated Nov. 22nd It’s now LBJ’s war Self-Immolation by a Buddhist Monk

Remembering Truman's Loss “I’m not going to be the president who saw Southeast Asia go the way China went.” -LBJ

Hard Road Ahead *Write all info. down Viet Minh: a Vietnamese, Communist-led organization; forces fought against the Japanese and especially the French in Indochina (1940s-50s) Viet Cong: South Vietnamese Communists fighting against South Vietnam Gov.: active 1954-76 NVA: North Vietnamese Army Ho Chi Minh Trail: supply route through Laos and Cambodia from North to South Vietnam ARVN: Army of the Republic of Vietnam, South Vietnamese soldiers who fought along side U.S. forces to defeat the North.

Ho Chi Minh Trail

*Only watch first 20 minutes Vietnam in HD Video: Episode #1 *Only watch first 20 minutes

Vietnam Map Directions (Atlas – pg. 108-109 and/or Textbook – pg. 726) 1) Please Label Neatly (CAPITAL LETTERS) 2) Countries – ONLY COLOR N. Vietnam and S. Vietnam (i.e. one green & one orange) 3) “Water” must be blue – “Other Stuff” must be red 4) Using Atlas – answer QUESTIONS on the back Label the following: Countries Cities China Hanoi Thailand Saigon Cambodia Dien Bien Phu Laos Danang North Vietnam Water South Vietnam Gulf of Tonkin Burma South China Sea Other Stuff Gulf of Thailand Ho Chi Minh Trail Red River DMZ Mekong River Gulf of Tonkin (1964)