HUMANOID ROBOTS USED FOR SURVEILLANCE BY N.CHANDRA SEKHAR 07481A0418 UNDER GUIDANCE OF Mr. G.RAMA KRISHNA

CONTENTS Introduction The rise of robot police Sensors Actuators Commanding of Robots Conclusion References

Introduction There is a wide range of use of robot like in restaurant, in spying; in medical. It can be used in the field of surveillance. Now a days robots are highly used in military such as bomb detection, terrorist identification. Some intelligent robots are used even in wars also.

Capacities of a humanoid robot Self-maintenance Autonomous learning Avoiding harmful situations to people, property, and itself Safe interacting with human beings and the environment

The rise of robot police USA: Uses in bomb disposal Police and SWAT (Special Weapons And Tactics) teams using robots for a greater variety of dangerous tasks China: police robots for use at the Beijing Olympics in 2008. Some robots are developed such that citizens are directly connected with police robots. Japan: Used in patrolling shopping centres to monitor unauthorised access.

Sensors Touch In 2009, scientists developed a prosthetic hand, called Smart Hand, which functions like a real one, allowing patients to write with it, play piano and perform other fine movements. The prosthesis has sensors which enable the patient to sense real feeling in its fingertips.

Vision Computer vision systems rely on image sensors which detect electromagnetic radiation which is typically in the form of either visible light or infra-red light. The process by which light propagates and reflects off surfaces is based on optics. Sophisticated image sensors even require quantum mechanics to provide a complete understanding of the image formation process.

Types of Sensors Proprioceptive sensors Exteroceptive sensors

Proprioceptive sensors Proprioceptive sensors sense the position, the orientation and the speed of the humanoid's body and joints. Humanoid robots use accelerometers to measure the acceleration, tilt sensors to measure inclination

Exteroceptive sensors Exteroceptive sensors give the robot information about the surrounding environment. Proximity sensors are used to measure the relative distance (range) between the sensor and objects in the environment. Tactile sensors also provide information about forces and torques transferred between the robot and other objects.

Actuators Actuators are the motors responsible for motion in the robot. Types: Electric Pneumatic Hydraulic Piezoelectric or ultrasonic

Hydraulic and electric actuators have a very rigid behavior and can only be made to act in a compliant manner through the use of relatively complex feedback control strategies. Piezoelectric actuators generate a small movement with a high force capability when voltage is applied. Ultrasonic actuators are designed to produce movements in a micrometer order at ultrasonic frequencies (over 20 kHz). Pneumatic actuators operate on the basis of gas compressibility.

Bimanual movements Bimanual movements in general form a large subset of hand movements in which both hands move simultaneously in order to do a task or imply a meaning. Scientists at Dublin City University have researched a subset of human movements called bimanual movements Understanding bimanual movements requires not only computer vision and pattern recognition techniques but also neuroscientific studies.

Bimanual movement includes three fundamental components. Low-level image processing to deal with sensory data, intelligent hand tracking to recognize the left hand from the right hand, and machine learning for understanding the movements.

Components Assembled in robot WEB CAM: Web cam will be mounted on the top of the robot and it is free to rotate in 360 degrees in any direction. Webcams typically include a lens, an image sensor, and some support electronics. METAL DETECTOR: Metal detector is mounted on the lower part of robot. It can detect all the guns and other unwanted metals used by the terrorist in the process of hostages etc.

Conclusion It decreases the human effort and carries their job in very best manner. The development of police robotics would change the nature of society and the way humans conduct their lives. It may be that with advanced technological crimes, more dangerous armed criminal gangs, massively increased terrorist and some future horrors that we cannot foresee, society will be prepared to concede much of its current liberty and privacy.

References Journals and Papers 1. Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems. J. A. Adams, "Human-robot interaction design: Understanding user needs and requirements," in Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 49th Annual Meeting, 2005. Websites http://robotics.megagiant.com/history.html http://www.gadgetrivia.com/8164-best_robot_international_robot_exhibition.