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Title Introduction Methods Results Discussion Authors Department of Surgery • University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Introduction Laparoscopic surgery is safe and effective in the management of common abdominal emergencies. However, currently there is a lack of data about its use in emergency colorectal surgery and little evidence to support it. We hypothesize that laparoscopy can improve the perioperative outcomes of emergency colon resection. Methods Patients undergoing emergent open and laparoscopic colon resection with primary anastomosis were retrieved from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database for years 2005 to 2008 inclusive. Demographic and operative characteristics, laboratory values and perioperative outcomes were compared. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression and propensity scoring analyses were performed to determine the association between the use of laparoscopy and patient outcomes. Results Three hundred forty one laparoscopic (9.6%) and 3211 (90.4%) open colon resections were included. Patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery had significantly lower prevalence of comorbidities and better perioperative outcomes. On multivariate analysis, laparoscopic surgery was an independent predictor of longer operative time (p<0.001), shorter total (p=0.002) and postoperative (p<0.0001) hospital stay, but did not affect the need for intraoperative blood transfusion (p=0.077), 30-day reoperation rates (p=0.326) or mortality (p=0.058). Postoperative morbidity was comparable in patients undergoing laparoscopic and open surgery on multivariate (p=0.085) and propensity score (p=0.094) analyses. Discussion On a national scale, laparoscopic emergent colon resections are being performed in a minority of patients who have favorable comorbidity characteristics. Despite improved perioperative outcomes in this cohort, laparoscopy is not independently associated with reduced postoperative morbidity or mortality. However, a laparoscopic operation is associated with a shorter postoperative LOS. Figure 1 Rates of some specific complications are lower in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.