Manitoba Building Officials Conference April 27, 2011

Presented by Robert Charney PLUMBING 101 Presented by Robert Charney

NPC FORMAT Division A – defines the scope of the code Objectives functional statements compliance conditions. Division B – acceptable solutions to satisfy objectives and functional statements. Division C – administrative provisions Definitions and floor drain mini appendix..division “A”

NPC 3 BASIC OBJECTIVES SAFETY HEALTH PROTECTION of buildings and facilities from water and sewage damage

SAFETY FIRE STRUCTURAL USE including explosion fire system failure to function STRUCTURAL load bearing elements USE trip, slip, fall, contact, collision, drowning. hot surface or substance contact. exposure to hazardous substances.

HEALTH INDOOR CONDITIONS SANITATION HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES quality of installation SANITATION adequate facilities exposure to waste exposure to contaminated water exposure to contaminated surfaces. HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES containment.

PROTECTION DO IT RIGHT THE FIRST TIME Limit the probability or unacceptable risk of damage from leakage of service water or sewage into the building due to the installation or design of the plumbing system. DO IT RIGHT THE FIRST TIME

FUNCTIONAL STATEMENTS Objectives achieved by measures (acceptable solutions) intend to allow the plumbing system to perform to these functions Minimize risk of accidental ignition Limit the severity and effects of fire or explosion Support and withstand expected loads and forces Limit or accommodate dimensional change Minimize risk of injury due to trip, slip, fall, contact, drowning or collision Minimize risk of (scald / burn) injury due to contact with hot surface or substance Limit levels of contaminants Minimize the risk of contaminant generation Minimize the risk hazardous substance release Minimize the risk in communal shower facilities of disease spread Minimize the risk of potable water contamination Facilitate moisture and water dissipation from the building Provide potable water Provide facilities for personal hygiene Provide facilities for sanitary disposal of human and domestic waste Resist deterioration from expected service conditions Minimize the risk of malfunction, interference, damage, tampering, lack of use, or misuse Minimize the risk of inadequate performance due to lack of or improper maintenance

National Building Code NPC refers to NBC Part 7 of Division B and refers back NBC section 9.31.4 REQUIRED FACILITIES for Dwellings KS, lav, bath, shower, water closet , floor drain and laundry water temp 45C-60C* (113F-140F) NBC 9.31.6.1. NPC 2.6.1.12.(1) Electric storage-type* service water heaters set at 60C OTHER BUILDINGS to Health Requirements NBC subsection 3.7.2 occupancy and load for required waterclosets BARRIER FREE REQUIREMENTS NBC article 3.8.2.3.

Four Basic Rules of Plumbing Water closets drive the codes Trap every* fixture Vent every* trap and drainage pipe Protect the water

The First rule Water closets drive the code NBC 3.7.2. 1 - Required Water closets based on occupancy NBC 3.7.2.2 (5)- Substitute urinals (2/3) NBC 3.7.2.3 (1) required lavatories (1 wc = one lav or 2 wc / 1 lav) NPC Size adjustment statements 4.9.2. (2) the size of every branch or building drain downstream of the third water closet fixture drain connection shall not be less than 4 inches 4.9.2.(3) the size of every soil or waste stack that serves more than 6 water closets shall be not less than 4 inches.

The SECOND Rule Trap the fixture EVERY fixture shall be directly connected to a sanitary drainage system.. (physically connected in such a way that water or gas cannot escape from the connection) 4.2.1 (1) EXCEPT ..(i) device for display, storage, preparation or processing of food or drink. (ii) sterilizer (iii)uses water as a cooling or heating medium (iv) water operated device. (v) water treatment device. (vi) drain or overflow from water / cooling / heating system . (may drain to storm… not recommended)

TRAP Basics 2.4.5.1 (1) Every fixture shall be protected by a separate trap. (2)Except one trap may serve 3 compartment sinks / laundry trays or 2 similar single in same room. (Continuous waste style connection) 4.9.3.(2) trap one size larger than fop (3) Except one trap may serve groups of floor drains / shower drains / washing machines /or laboratory sinks in same room. (Local style connection)

Traps Solid P trap with /without clean plug Removable P trap Minimum 38mm (1 ½ inch) water seal (greater permitted to resist pressure differentials) Acid waste minimum 50mm (2 inch) Illegal or restricted trap styles

Illegal / restricted traps

The THIRD rule VENT every* Trap and Drainage pipe NPC 2.5.1.1.(1) Every trap shall be vented except (3) 3”/18”floor drain, subsoil, or storm (4) NPC 5.8.4.(5) Every building drain shall be provided with at least one vent that is not less than 3 inches in size. NPC 2.5.1.1.(2) Drainage systems may require additional protection as provided in subsection 2.5.4 and 2.5.5 by the installation of individual, dual, wet, continuous, relief, additional circuit, circuit, branch, yoke, offset relief, (sump) vents or stack vents and vent stacks, vent header, or fresh air inlet *Local drains and Indirect drains and branches serving one or two stories need not be vented

The THIRD rule continued Protecting the Trap by Venting Minimum EVERY trap shall be protected with a vent pipe 5.1.1.(1) Except traps that are part of indirect clear water systems, storm drain, subsoil drain or a 3” or larger floor drain with a 18 inch or longer trap arm do not require a vent. 5.1.1.(3)/(4) Size conform to table 5.7.1 located not less than two pipe diameters minimum horizontal distance between the trap weir and vent. 5.6.3(1)(a) 2 diameters 135 degree change 225 degree for WC

The THIRD Rule continued Protecting the Trap by Venting Maximum The trap weir may be a maximum horizontal distance from the vent so that the fall of the trap arm does not exceed the size of the trap arm pipe. (1/4 inch per foot grade, 1/50, 2%) Maximum trap arm length is 5 feet (1.5m) for 1¼ inch pipe 6 feet (1.8m) for 1 ½ inch pipe 8 feet (2.4m) for 2 inch pipe 12 feet (3.6m) for 3 inch pipe from the trap weir to the point of vent. 5.6.3.(4) table Fall equals pipe size WC 3m horizontal 1m vertical

When in Doubt.. Individual or Dual Vent Governed by 2.5.7.1. statement and table (largest trap served) Length and Load not considered for vent sizing ? What fitting?

Wet vents are plumb friendly (not as much now) May Serve 2 WC connected to vertical via double sanitary tee (DblTY) or horizontal with double Y, downstream of “wetting” fixtures Wetting fixtures MAX 2 inch / 2 fu (include separate vented) May serve one or more stories Maximum 4 fu total above 1st floor Limited to One Horizontal offset 1.2m/2”+ 2.5/3” ONE SIZE wet vent by table 5.8.1 using wetting FU load Continuous vent is a dry extension of the wet vent Continuous vent load is only fixtures served (2.5.8.3)

Circuit Vent Normally used for wc and minimum 2 inch traps.. smaller traps may drain into if separately vented or separately circuit vent Horizontal Branch (2 inch for 1 ½ and 1 ¼ traps or 3 inch for 2” and larger traps) has trap arms separately and directly connected Always requires a circuit vent upstream (maximum 2 fixtures @ 1 ½ fu each dblty) and downstream relief vent (maximum 6fu any configuration) Additional Circuit vent required if serving more than 9 fixtures or more than 45 direction change EVERYTHING WETTING the circuit vented branch EXCEPT relief vent load is considered in sizing the CV and branch

BUILDING DRAIN NPC 4.9.4.(1) The size of every building drain and building sewer connected to a public sewer system downstream of the main cleanout shall not be less than 4 inches. NPC 4.7.1.(6) Every building drain shall be provided with a cleanout fitting that is located as close as practical to the place where the building drain leaves the building. Building Drain means the lowest horizontal piping, including any vertical offset that conducts sewage, clear-water waste or storm water by gravity to a building sewer. Sanitary Building Drain means a building drain that conducts sewage to a building sewer from the most upstream soil-or-waste stack, branch or fixture drain serving a water closet

The FOURTH Rule Protect the Water System 2.1.2.3.(1) the water distribution system shall be connected to a public water main (potable) or a potable private system. (except reclaimed water distribution) 2.6.2.1 (1) potable water systems shall be designed and installed so that non potable water or substances cannot enter the system 2.6.2.2 /3 Air gap, back-siphonage or back pressure devices 2.6.2.5.(1) No private water supply system shall be interconnected with a public system 2.6.1.7 Pressure and temperature relief 2.6.1.11.(1) Thermal expansion

Robert B Charney BSc magna cum laude Red River College (home page link) Piping Trades Department (home page link) J106-2055 Notre Dame Avenue Winnipeg, Manitoba R2M1R3 Office Hours 7 AM - 3 PM Monday thru Friday Phone (204) 632-3818    Fax (204) 632-1140 email rcharney@rrc.mb.ca http://xnet.rrc.mb.ca/rcharney