Unit #4 – The New Republic

Please copy the following vocabulary words in your Social Studies notebook: 1) Articles of Confederation: Original federal constitution drafted by the Second Continental Congress. 2) Shay’s Rebellion: An uprising led by a former militia officer who protested the foreclosures of farms for debt and briefly succeeded in shutting down the court system. This demonstrated some of the weaknesses of the federal government.

Please copy the following vocabulary words in your Social Studies notebook: 3) Federalist: A person who favored ratification of the Constitution and a strong central government 4) Anti-Federalist: A person who opposed the ratification of the U.S. Constitution, and was concerned about the protection of individual and state rights 5) Great Compromise: Compromise between the Virginia and New Jersey Plans for a bicameral legislature; each state would have equal representation in the Senate, and varied representation in the House of Representatives based on the state’s population. 6) 3/5 Compromise: A compromise in which each enslaved person would be counted as 3/5 of a person for the purposes of legislative representation.

Please copy the following vocabulary words in your Social Studies notebook: 7) Limited Government: A principle stating that the government has only as much authority as the people give it and, therefore, its power is limited. 8) Ratification: Official acceptance or approval. 9) Northwest Ordinance of 1787: Law which provided a basis for governing the Northwest Territory and a basis for adding new states to the Union.

Please copy the following vocabulary words in your Social Studies notebook: 10) Alexander Hamilton: The author of the majority of the Federalist Papers, who petitioned the individual states for ratification of the U.S. Constitution. He later went on to become the 1st Secretary of the Treasury. 11) James Madison: The author of the majority of the U.S. Constitution who also authored some of the Federalist Papers which made an argument to the individual states for ratification of the U.S. Constitution. He later went on to become the 4th U.S. President.

Please copy the following vocabulary words in your Social Studies notebook: 12) Amendment: A change or alteration to a written document. 13) The Bill of Rights: First ten amendment to the U.S. Constitution; a written list of freedoms guaranteed to citizens by the government

Please copy the following vocabulary words in your Social Studies notebook: 13) Checks and Balances: System in which each branch of the government has the power to monitor and limit the actions of the other two. 14) Separation of Powers: A principle that divides power among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government

Please copy the following vocabulary words in your Social Studies notebook: 15) Federalism: A system of government in which power is divided between a national (federal) government and various regional (state) governments. 16) Representative Democracy: A type of government where the people elected officials to represent the nation as a whole.