United States in World War II ESSENTIAL QUESTION: How were the Allies able to defeat the dictators and win the war?

TEKS and Objectives We will… I will… (1F) identify causes/effects of WWII and their impact on political, economic, and social systems… (12B) explain the roles of world leaders prior to and during WWII (12C) explain major events of WWII (28C) explain major new military technologies on WWII (28E) identify contributions of Albert Einstein Evaluate Japan’s motives behind the attack on Pearl Harbor

Why did the U.S. enter WWII? Military Support of Allies US supplies Britain with war goods German Sub Attacks U.S. Navy escorted Allied ships U.S. ships attacked Japanese Imperialism U.S. placed trade embargo on Japan “Flying Tigers” sent to help China December 7, 1941 Japan attacks Pearl Harbor December 8, 1941 U.S. enters WWII

Pearl Harbor Japan expanding empire throughout the Pacific    Japan expanding empire throughout the Pacific U.S. had a trade embargo U.S. sent “Flying Tigers” to help China 2 full blown attacks on Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941 December 8, 1941, U.S. declares war on Japan December 11, 1941, Germany and Italy declare war on U.S.  

Journal Entry #34 Do you think the United States provoked Japan? Why or why not?

Allies v. Axis Powers Allies (BARF) Axis Powers (JIG) Britain America (U.S.) Russia (USSR) France Axis Powers (JIG) Japan Italy Germany

The Beginning of the End: North Africa and Italy Americans led by George Patton GB regained control of Suez Canal Italy Launched from Sicily Mussolini overthrown and executed New government negotiated with Allies

D-Day June 6, 1944 Operation Overlord Dwight D. Eisenhower Invasion of France 3 million troops land on beaches of Normandy Dwight D. Eisenhower In charge of all Allied forces in Europe Soviet Union was pushing into Poland; Allies were pushing North in Italy Omar Bradley Led troops in France

Battle of the Bulge December 1944 – January 1945 Last major German offensive 80,000 Americans and 120,000 Germans killed Allied forces won but came close to losing

Death of FDR FDR had been elected to 4th term April 12, 1945 FDR dies of stroke Harry S. Truman becomes 33rd President

The End of Hitler April 30, 1945 Hitler and Eva Braun commit suicide (gun shot and cyanide) Cover of Time magazine May 7, 1945

V-E Day May 8, 1945 V-E day 1st part of War was over Germany surrenders to General Eisenhower Victory in Europe day   1st part of War was over

Nuremberg Trials 1945-1946 International tribunal court tried Nazi officials in Nuremberg, Germany 12 of the 22 defendants were sentenced to death 200 other officials were found guilty, but given lesser sentences First time people are tried for war crimes

Meanwhile, in the Pacific…

Pacific Theatre Island Hopping Chester Nimitz Douglas MacArthur U.S. military strategy in the Pacific Ocean Targeted key islands for military bases Chester Nimitz Admiral of U.S. Navy Douglas MacArthur Regained Philippines

Key Allied Victories Battle of Midway (June 1942) Turning point of the war Battle of Iwo Jima (March 1945) U.S. gets closer to Japanese mainland Battle of Okinawa (June 1945) Japan’s last defensive stronghold 1,900 kamikaze attacks Hari-Kari

The Atomic Bomb Albert Einstein The Manhattan Project German-Jewish physicist Fled Germany during WWII Wrote letter warning FDR about Germany’s effort to build atomic weapon The Manhattan Project Research and creation of the Atomic Bomb 600,000 people involved, but few knew what it was July 16, 1945: Test in New Mexico

The Atomic Bomb Hiroshima and Nagasaki (August 1945) U.S. drops bombs industrial centers for Japanese military Total of about 200,000 people died Many more die later from exposure to radiation

The Atomic Bomb V-J Day (September 2, 1945) Japan surrenders unconditionally