Università Politecnica delle Marche AOU Ospedali Riuniti “Umberto I – GM Lancisi – G Salesi” Ancona - Italy The role of tumour Vascular Endothelial Growth.

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Università Politecnica delle Marche AOU Ospedali Riuniti “Umberto I – GM Lancisi – G Salesi” Ancona - Italy The role of tumour Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptors (VEGFR) polymorphisms in the prediction of clinical outcome for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma receiving sorafenib. Luca Faloppi1, Mario Scartozzi1, Gianluca Svegliati Baroni2, Cristian Loretelli1, Samuele De Minicis2, Alessandra Mandolesi3, Simona Biagetti3, Maristella Bianconi1, Stefano Gemini2, Italo Bearzi3, Antonio Benedetti2, Stefano Cascinu1. 1) Clinica di Oncologia Medica; 2) Clinica di Gastroenterologia; 4) Anatomia Patologica. Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still represents a medical challenge in cancer therapy. In recent years the introduction of new targeted therapies has radically changed the approach to the disease and patients outcome. Currently the therapeutic stronghold is a TKIs directed against the VEGF family sorafenib. Polymorphisms of VEGF and its receptor genes are involved in regulating angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis and thus in growth tumor control. The aim of our study is to evaluate the potential predictive and prognostic role of VEGF and VEGFR polymorphisms in determining the clinical outcome of HCC patients receiving sorafenib. Methods: 17 histologic samples (biopsies and surgical specimens) of HCC patients receiving sorafenib were tested for VEGF-A, VEGF-C and VEGFR-1,2,3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Patients time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) were analysed. Results: VEGF-AI rs25648 C>T polymorphism was statistically significant in OS (15.0 months for C vs 9.4 months for T; p=0.025). VEGF-AII rs10434 G>A was statistically significant for TTP (4.1 months for G vs 1.2 months for A; p=0.0076) and OS (14.2 months for G vs 1.7 for A; p<0.0001). VEGF-CII rs7664413 C>T was significant in TTP (13.4 months for C vs 2.0 for T; p=0.0125) and OS (14.7 months for C vs 5.6 for T; p=0.0007). VEGR2-I rs1870377 A>T was significant in TTP (19.9 months for A vs 3.0 for T; p=0.0271) and OS (29.6 months for A vs 11.9 for T; p=0.0096). Conclusions: In our analysis patients with G polymorphism at rs10434, C polymorphism at rs7664413 and A polymorphism at rs1870377 have a better response (PFS and OS) during treatment with sorafenib. Patients with C polymorphism of rs7664413 and A polymorphism of rs1870377 show a favourable impact in this setting. Notably, VEGFR polymorphism result closely related to the treatment response and the specific signalling of sorafenib. Thus analysis of VEGF and its receptor genes polymorphisms represents a clinical tool to identify patients with favourable response to sorafenib presumably related to a more efficient control of tumor growth. Figure 1: Overall Survival VEGF A – RS25648 (CC > TT+CT) Figure 2: Progression Free Survival VEGF A – RS10431 (AA < GG+AG) Figure 3: Overall Survival VEGF A – RS10431 (AA < GG+AG) Figure 4: Progression Free Survival VEGF-CII RS7664413 (CC > TT+TC) Sample ID NCBI SNP Reference Reporter 1 Dye Reporter 1 Sequence Reporter 1 Frequence 2 Dye Reporter 2 Sequence Reporter 2 Frequence Design Strand Gene Symbol SNP Type VEGFA I rs25648 VIC C 0,836 FAM T 0,164 Reverse VEGFA SILENT MUTATION VEGFA II rs10434 A 0,371 G 0,629 Forward UTR 3 VEGFA III rs1570360 0,205 0,795 INTERGENIC/UNKNOWN VEGFA IV rs833061 0,422 0,578 VEGFA V rs699947 0,408 0,592 VEGFA VI rs2010963 0,431 0,569 UTR 5 VEGFA VII rs3025039 0,886 0,114 VEGF-C I rs4604006 0,678 0,322 VEGFC INTRON VEGF-C II rs7664413 0,792 0,208 VEGF-C III rs41367744 0,94 0,06 VEGFR-1 I rs664393 0,858 0,142 FLT1 VEGFR-1 II rs7993418 0,75 0,25 VEGFR-1 III rs35832528 0,492 0,508 MIS-SENSE MUTATION VEGFR-2 I rs1870377 0,275 0,725 KDR VEGFR-2 II rs2071559 0,483 0,517 VEGFR-2 III rs2305948 0,933 0,067 VEGFR-2 IV rs7667298 0,5 VEGFR-3 I rs307822 0,914 0,086 FLT4 VEGFR-3 II rs307805 0,108 0,892 VEGFR-3 III rs6877011 0,942 0,058 Figure 5: Overall Survival VEGF-CII RS7664413 (CC > TT+TC) Figure 6: Progression Free Survival VEGR2-I RS1870377 (TT< AA+AT) Correspondence to: Dr. Luca Faloppi lucafaloppi@libero.it Clinica di Oncologia Medica AOU “Ospedali Riuniti” Via Conca 71, 60020 Ancona Italy Scuola Specializzazione Oncologia Medica Università Politecnica delle Marche Via Tronto 10, 60020 Ancona Italy Figure 7: Overall Survival VEGR2-I RS1870377 (TT< AA+AT)