The Skeletal System: Bones and Joints

Functions of the Skeletal System (Bones) Support Protection Leverage System/movement Mineral Storage Blood Cell Formation

Function of the Skeletal System (Cartilage) Model for Bone Growth (Bone development) Smooth Joint Surfaces Support

Function of the Skeletal System (Tendons and Ligaments) Tendon: Attach muscles to bone Ligaments: Attach bone to bone Assist with Movement Structure and Support

The Skeleton Structure of the Skeleton 206 bones Bone, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments are all types of connective tissue Axial Skeleton: Supports the central axis of the body Skull, vertebral column, and rib cage Appendicular skeleton: Arms, legs, pelvis and shoulder

Skeletal Bones to Know

Types of Bones 4 Types of bones Long Bones: Femur, Humorous Short Bones: Carples, and Tarsals Flat Bone: Thin bones, skull bones, ribs, scapulae Irregular Bones: Vertebrae, facial bones

Bone Structure Diaphysis: Central Shaft Epiphyseal Plate/Growth Plate: At the end of the bone (site for bone growth) Articular Cartilage: Cartilage that covers the bone where it comes in contact with another bone

Bone Surface Periosteum: Dense connective tissue that covers and protect the bone Endosteum: Lines the medullary cavity (cavity of the diaphysis)

Bone Cavities Medullary Cavity: Major cavity in the diaphysis of the bone. Yellow Marrow: Consists mostly of fat Red Marrow: Consists of blood-forming cells (only site of blood formation)

Bone Make Up Bones are made up or composed of Compact Bone: Solid Bone located in the diaphysis, contains Haversian Cannal’s that supply nerves and blood vessels Cancellous/Spongy Bone: Looks like a sponge, located at the epiphyses

Overview of Bone Structure