Chapter 5 plate tectonics review

According to Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift, the continents were once joined together in a single landmass, fossils matched on continents that fit together, and climates were similar.

the name of the supercontinent that existed millions of years ago What is Pangaea? the name of the supercontinent that existed millions of years ago

Any trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock is called a fossil

What technology did scientists use in the mid-1900’s to map the mid-ocean ridge? sonar

In sea-floor spreading, molten material rises from the mantle and erupts along ______ mid-ocean ridges

Old oceanic crust is more dense than new oceanic crust because it is cool

Most geologists think that the movement of Earth’s plates is caused by Convections in the mantle

The geological theory that states that pieces of Earth’s lithosphere are in constant, slow motion is the theory of Plate tectonics

A place where two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions, is known as a Transform boundary

A collision between two pieces of continental crust at a converging boundary produces a Mountain range

The hypothesis of _________________________ was that all the continents once were joined as a single supercontinent and have since drifted apart. Continental Drift

The process of _________________________ continually adds new crust to the ocean floor along both sides of the mid-ocean ridge. Sea-floor spreading

Subduction occurs where the oceanic crust bends down toward the mantle at a(n) _________________________. Deep ocean trench

The lithosphere is broken into sections called ____________________, which float on top of the asthenosphere. plates

When continental plates pull apart at a divergent boundary on land, a(n) ____________________ forms. Rift valley

If subduction occurs faster than oceanic crust can be created, an ocean will ________. shrink

Oceanic crust near the mid-ocean ridge is ________ than oceanic crust farther away from the ridge. younger

Alfred Wegener provided evidence from landforms, fossils, and climate in support of his theory of_____________ Continental Drift

Mid-ocean ridges form the _________ mountain ranges on Earth. longest

Along a __________ Boundary, two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions. Transform

Why are scientists unable to predict exactly when an earthquake will occur? There is no way to determine when stress along a fault will be released.

Most _______ boundaries where plates move apart occur along the mid-ocean ridges. Divergent

What kind of a boundary forms at a subduction zone (where the plates come together)? Convergent Boundary