The Imperative Form “Commands” Deutsch II Notizen Einheit: Kochen

Formal Command Formal command = the “Sie” command Used when you address one OR several people in a formal manner Verb takes the –en ending of the Sie form The pronoun Sie is always placed immediately after the verb Kommen Sie hier!

Formal Command Examples: Nehmen Sie das Buch! Kaufen Sie es! Finden Sie einen Bleistift! Schälen Sie die Kartoffeln, bitte.

Familiar Command - Singular Used when you are on a du basis with someone Formed by removing the –st ending from the present tense of the du form With MOST verbs (except funky ones), this leaves just the basic stem of the verb NO pronoun used – just the verb itself I’d say these two are on a du basis with each other.

Familiar Command - Singular Examples: Komm! Geh! Trink! Halt!

Familiar Command - Singular NOTE: Verbs whose stems end in a –t, -d, or a consonant cluster like –fn, keep the additional –e we’d add in the du form for pronunciation purposes Examples: antworten  Antworte! reden  Rede! öffnen  Öffne!

Familiar Command - Singular You may also see an –e ending on other verbs in the familiar singular command form – especially in conversational German This is optional – Germans usually add it in there while talking for “flow” purposes

Familiar Command - Singular NOTE: On stem-changing verbs (funky verbs)  verbs that have a vowel change from e > i or e >ie keep this change in the familiar singular command Examples: essen  isst  Iss! geben  gibst  Gib! sehen  siehst  Sieh!

Familiar Command - Singular However: verbs whose stem vowel changes from a > ä do NOT retain this change in the imperative Examples: fahren  fährst  Fahr! laufen  läufst  Lauf!

Familiar Command - Plural When you address several people with whom you are on a du basis, the familiar plural command is used This form has exactly the same form as the ihr conjugation (-t ending) No pronoun used

Familiar Command - Plural Examples: Esst! Trinkt! Antwortet! Lernt!

Mild Commands When expressing the phrase “let us” (let’s eat!) – the wir form of the verb is used Verb = immediately followed by the pronoun wir Examples: Gehen wir jetzt! Gehen wir ins Kino! Essen wir den Kuchen! Trinken wir den Wein!

Command Forms of SEIN Command forms of SEIN = slightly irregular Formal = Seien Sie! Familiar (singular) = Sei! Familiar (plural) = Seid! Mild Command = Seien wir!

Separable Prefix Verbs If there is a separable prefix attached to the verb, it gets “kicked” to the end in ALL verb forms Examples: Steh auf! Kommen Sie bitte mit!