Chapter 10 Section 4 US History CULTURAL INNOVATIONS Chapter 10 Section 4 US History

CULTURAL INNOVATIONS ART AND LITERATURE Main Idea New York City’s Greenwich Village and Chicago’s South Side became known as centers for new artistic work

ART AND LITERATURE During the 1920s, American artists and writers challenged traditional ideas. Explored what it meant to be “modern” Writers, artists and intellectuals moved to Greenwich Village in New York and Chicago’s South side due to a “bohemian” lifestyle in these areas

ART AND LITERATURE Modern American Art European Movements influenced American Modern Art Diverse range of styles to express individual views John Marin drew nature AND urban dynamics for inspiration Charles Scheeler influenced by photography and Cubism Georgia O’Keeffe’s paintings admired in museums throughout life

ART AND LITERATURE Poets and Writers Varied greatly in their styles and subject matter “Carl Sandburg” Chicago poet, folklorist and novelist used common speech to glorify Midwest “Willa Cather” Pulitzer Prize-winner, wrote about life on Great Plains Edna St. Vincent Millay also won Pulitzer prize, expressed idea of women’s equality

ART AND LITERATURE Poets like Gertrude Stein were important because they influenced other writers like Ernest Hemingway Some poets (Ezra Pound, Amy Lowell etc) used clear images to express moments in time Others (like T.S. Elliot) portrayed what they thought were negative effects of modernism One of the most influential playwright was Eugene O’Neill Realistic characters and situations with modern themes

ART AND LITERATURE Poets and Writers Many also wrote about their disillusionment with World War I Called “lost generation” and moved to Europe (especially Paris)…wrote about “heroic antiheros” “Ernest Hemingway” was one of these writers Sinclair Lewis, Main Street “F. Scott Fitzgerald” The Great Gatsby criticized superficial society “Edith Wharton” The Age of Innocence used irony and humor to criticized upper-middle class ignorance

CULTURAL INNOVATIONS POPULAR CULTURE Main Idea Broadcast radio and “talking” pictures were new forms of popular entertainment.

POPULAR CULTURE Economic prosperity made it possible for more leisure time and spending money in 1920s Sports, music, theatre and other forms of entertainment became more popular “fell in love” with motion pictures and radio programs

POPULAR CULTURE Movies and Radio Shows Motion pictures very popular in 1920s. Before sound technology, piano players provided music and subtitles explained plot. Stars of silent movies included Charlie Chaplin, Mary Pickford and Tom Mix First “talking” picture , The Jazz Singer Irving Berlin one of most famous song writers in 1920s Worked in area of New York called Tin Pan Alley Wrote “White Christmas” among others People able to listen to music and more on radio programs “Mass Media” did more than entertain Easy availability broke down class barriers and narrowed local interests Helped unify nation and spread new ideas

POPULAR CULTURE Sports Due to motion pictures and radio, Baseball and Boxing became even more popular Babe Ruth became national hero for hitting home runs Boxer Jack Dempsey was also popular when he tried to win back world heavyweight championship in 1927 All of these could be followed in radio broadcasts and newspaper coverage Other sports also became more popular like college football (athlete Red Grange) Golf (Bobby Jones) Swimmer Gertrude Ederle swam English Channel in a little over 14 hours (new record) in 1927 and enchanted Americans

REVIEW QUESTIONS Answer the following questions using complete sentences. Why did many creative people flock to Greenwich Village during the 1920s? Explain how did the economy of the 1920s affect popular culture? What is Mass Media?