Compression and Transfer Molding

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Presentation transcript:

Compression and Transfer Molding MFG 355

Compression Molding

Compression Molding Charge is placed in cavity of matched mold in the open position Mold is closed by bring the two halves together Pressure is exerted to squeeze the resin so that it fills the mold cavity While under pressure the mold is heated which cures the resin Thermosets

Compression Molding Mold closure types Flash Upper Mold Horizontal Part Lower Mold

Compression Molding Mold closure types Flash Positive Upper Mold Part Lower Mold Small Gap (no flash)

Compression Molding Mold closure types Flash Positive Semipositive Upper Mold Part Lower Mold Horizontal Land Separated Flash

Compression Molding Standard thermosets of various types Molding compounds (mixtures of materials) Thermoset resin (30%) Reinforcement fibers (10%) Fillers (60%) Bulk Molding Compound (BMC) Sheet Molding Compound (SMC)

Compression Molded Parts

Compression Molded Parts

SMC Equipment

Sheet Molding Compound Compression Molding Charge is made up from thermoset materials Charge is rolled flat Multiple layers of SMC can be used in a mold Longer fibers than BMC

Compression Molding F = (A) [(PA) + (ρde)] Compression molded parts Total force needed per part is determined by: Projected area of the part (A) Required cavity pressure for the resin (PA) Pressure factor that accounts for depth (ρ) Depth in excess of the minimum amount (de) F = (A) [(PA) + (ρde)]

Compression Molding Compression molding machines Total force that can be exerted is called: Press capacity Machine rating Machine size Rated in Newtons or Tons Determined by the area of the hydraulic ram and the hydraulic pressure in the line Press Capacity (tons) = Area of Ram (inches2) X Hydraulic Pressure (psi) 2000 (pounds/ton)

Compression Machines

Compression Molding vs Injection Molding Heated mold Thermoset material Long cycle time (minutes) Can’t recycle flash or waste parts Low part complexity No undercuts No sprue or runners Reinforcement material can be long (inches) Cooled mold Thermoplastic material Short cycle time (seconds) Can reprocess flash and waste parts High part complexity Undercuts are possible Uses sprue and runners Some reinforcement material possible, must be short (whisker length)

Transfer Molding Mixed resin is placed in the transfer chamber Resin is heated to liquid state Plunger presses liquid resin through sprue and runner system to mold cavities Mold is heated After resin is cured, parts are removed

Transfer Molding

Product Considerations Practically all thermosets can be compression or transfer molded Liquids Pastes Liquid resin with filler Doughs Pastes with reinforcement Granules B-staged resin (phenolics) Preforms Granules pressed into a pre-measured shape for easier handling

Cold Forming, Sintering and Ram Extrusion Used where heat processing is difficult or impossible High pressures Lower temperatures

Thank You