Mexican-American War CAUSES

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Presentation transcript:

Mexican-American War CAUSES Mexico was furious when they lost Texas and the republic was added to the United States Mexican government at time was unstable Current president Polk desired to continue expanding out West (manifest destiny)

The U. S. and Texas considered the Rio Grande as the Southern border The U.S. and Texas considered the Rio Grande as the Southern border. For Mexico it was the Nueces Area in Dispute Nueces River 8.6 D The students will explain the major issues and events of the Mexican War and their impact on the United States Rio Grande River

Attempts at Peace Polk sent John Slidell to attempt to purchase California and New Mexico and confirm Rio Grande border Mexican officials refuse to receive him Polk sends Zachary Taylor to blockade river at Rio Grande (Mexicans see as violation)

American attitudes toward war Support: expansion would extend slavery and increase southern power Against: expansion would be fatal to the nation (mainly northerners)

Violations 1- Taylor at Rio Grande 2- John C. Fremont led exploration through California Mexico FURIOUS! Sends troops to Rio Grande and kills 9 US soldiers “American blood upon American soil” Abraham Lincoln cautious about war

America enters WAR Polk only presented information that would convince war was necessary Unknown what happened at Rio Grande

New Mexico Stephen Kearny marches to Santa Fe, New Mexico Met by Mexicans who want to join the US New Mexico added to Union without any fight

California Rebels proclaim independence from Mexico “Republic of California” Us takes over California

War rages on Mexican army : poor leadership US: Robert E. Lee, Ulysses Grant- nations best leaders

Santa Anna Previously ousted as president in Mexico Polk says he will help him get back into Mexico and in return Santa Anna will end war and meditate border dispute Santa Anna resumed presidency and attacks US forces Winfield Scott (US) attacks back Army did not lose a single battle

Effects of War Mexico- 25,000 casualties US- 13,000 casualties (11,000 from disease) Enlarged US by 1/3

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 2/2/1848- Treaty is signed Agreed to Rio Grande border Ceded New Mexico and California $15 million for Mexican Cession: California, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, Arizona, Colorado, Wyoming Gave Mexicans living in gained territories freedom of religion, open borders and protections of property

Gadsden Purchase Established current borders of lower states President Franklin Pierce $ 10 million

1848 Election Democrats- Lewis Cass Democrats-Martin Van Buren (Free- Soil Party: prohibit slavery) Whig- Zachary Taylor TAYLOR WINS!

Gold Rush January 1848: gold discovered in Sierra Nevadas (California) 1848: 400 travel to California 1850: 44,000 travel to California “Forty-niners” those who flocked in 1849 for the gold rush (from Asia, S. America, Europe)

Effect of Gold Rush Brought diversity (Chinese, free blacks, Mexicans) Slavery legal until 1849 California becomes state in 1850 Part of the Compromise of 1850!