Basic Principles: PK By: Alaina Darby

What is defined as the relationship of lipid solubility, blood flow, and site of drug placement? pH partition theory Bioavailability Ion trapping Passive transport b

Which of the following would be best absorbed in the stomach? Weak base because it will be unionized in the stomach Weak base because it will be ionized in the stomach Weak acid because it will be unionized in the stomach Weak acid because it will be ionized in the stomach c

Which of the following affects the rate of drug distribution? pH Lipid solubility Blood perfusion Plasma protein binding c

Which of the following is concerned with the movement of drug from circulation into the tissues? Absorption Distribution Metabolism Excretion b

Which of the following plays the least role with IV administration? Absorption Distribution Metabolism Excretion a

Which of the following is concerned with the drug getting into circulation? Absorption Distribution Metabolism Excretion a

How is the therapeutic window determined? Minimum toxic concentration minus peak concentration Minimum toxic concentration minus minimum effective concentration Minimum effective concentration minus peak concentration Minimum effective concentration minus minimum toxic concentration b

Which of the following is most concerned with degradation of drug by enzymes? Absorption Distribution Metabolism Excretion c

What does the ADME not determine? Onset of action Intensity of action Method of action Duration of action c

Which of the following is true? Bound drug can be metabolized Bound drug does not have action Free drug cannot be metabolized Free drug can be eliminated without being metabolized d b… what if it is bound to the receptor?

Which of the following can pass through the cell membrane? 500 Da drug that is lipophilic and nonpolar 500 Da drug that is hydrophilic and nonpolar 100 Da drug that is lipophilic and polar 100 Da drug that is lipophilic and nonpolar d

Which of the following describes the passage of drug across membranes? Usually active transport Usually through passive transport for large drugs Usually through carrier-medicated transport for small drugs Usually through pinocytosis for lipid soluble vitamins d

Which of the following does not exhibit saturation? Facilitated diffusion Carrier-mediated transport Passive transport Active transport c

A weak acid like aspirin will mostly be absorbed in which of the following environments? Where pH < pKa so that it is nonionized Where pH > pKa so that it is nonionized Where pH < pKa so that it is ionized Where pH > pKa so that it is ionized a

A weak base will mostly be absorbed in which of the following environments? Where pH < pKa so that it is nonionized Where pH > pKa so that it is nonionized Where pH < pKa so that it is ionized Where pH > pKa so that it is ionized b

Where does first pass metabolism take place? Lung Liver Kidney Intestine b

Which of the following will increase absorption? Decreased circulation Thick membrane Higher drug concentration Decreased membrane surface area c

Which of the following increases rate of absorption? Delayed release tablet Enteric coating Gel cap Depot preparation c

Which of the following by passes the liver? Esophagus Stomach Duodenum Large intestine d

Which of the following will decrease absorption of an acidic drug? Decreased stomach acidity Delayed gastric emptying Fatty meal Narcotics and analgesics a

Which of the following undergoes first pass metabolism? Oral tablet Sublingual tablet Suppository IV drug a

Which of the following most affects the extent of distribution? Cardiac output Tissue volume Plasma protein binding Capillary permeability c

Which has the highest perfusion rate and the highest % of cardiac output? Heart Liver Bone Brain a

Which of the following is a deviation from typical capillary structure? Large fenestrations in brain capillaries Tight junctions in brain capillaries Increased filtration in brain capillaries Tight junctions in renal capillaries b

Which is not true of protein binding? Usually irreversible Usually specific Acidic drugs usually bind to albumin Globulins are the most commonly bound c

Which of the following is a reservoir for iodine? Stomach Albumin Liver Thyroid d

Which of the following is a reservoir for warfarin? Stomach Albumin Liver Thyroid b

How are most drugs distributed? Non-uniformly Mostly to specific tissues Mostly in body water Mostly in the blood a

What does a volume of distribution of 4L indicate? Mostly in plasma Mostly in interstitial fluid Distributed throughout the total body water Concentrated in a tissue or highly bound a

What does a volume of distribution of 2000L indicate? Mostly in plasma Mostly in interstitial fluid Distributed throughout the total body water Concentrated in a tissue or highly bound d

Metabolism usually does what? Inactivates prodrugs Activates drugs Makes drugs less polar Makes drugs less lipid soluble d

Which of the following describes a phase I reaction? Phase II? Unmasks a functional group Covalently adds a functional group a, b

Which is not a phase I reaction? Oxidation Reduction Glucuronidation Hydrolysis c

Which of the following is a nonmicrosomal Phase II reaction? Glucuronidation Sulfation Acetylation Methylation a

Which is the p450 enzyme that metabolizes most drugs? CYP3A CYP2C NAT TPMT a

Which is not an example of metabolic inhibition? Substrate competition Depletion of cofactors Enzyme inhibitors Increased enzyme production d

Which of the following defines a genotypic change? Change in DNA sequence Structural change in protein Important for drug effect Commonly causes functional abnormalities a

Which of the following is not filtered in the kidney? Ions Glucose Proteins Peptides c

Which of the following includes an active process? Glomerular filtration Tubular secretion Tubular reabsorption b

Which of the following will be excreted better/faster? High MW High protein binding Higher ionization Increased Vd c