Issues and Ethics in the Helping Professions, 9th Edition by Gerald Corey, Marianne Schneider Corey, Cindy Corey, and Patrick Callanan with Michelle Muratori, Johns Hopkins University © 2015. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

Values and the Helping Relationship Chapter 3 Values and the Helping Relationship © 2015. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

Managing Personal Values Counselors must have the ability to work with a range of clients with diverse worldviews and values. Managing personal values so that they do not contaminate the counseling process is referred to as “bracketing.” © 2015. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

Managing Personal Values Clients should not be exposed to discrimination by counselors who refuse to render services to them because of differing values. © 2015. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

Value Exploration Value exploration is at the heart of why many counselor education programs encourage or require personal therapy for trainees. Personal therapy provides an opportunity to examine your beliefs and values and to explore your motivations for wanting to share or impose your belief system. © 2015. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

Value Exploration The imposition of values by the counselor is an ethical issue in counseling individuals, couples, families, and groups. © 2015. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

Value Conflicts If you experience difficulties over conflicting personal values, seek supervision and learn ways to effectively manage these differences. Consider a referral only when you clearly lack the necessary skills to deal with the issues presented by the client. © 2015. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

Value Conflicts Do not try to convince yourself that you are working in a client’s best interest by referring a person because of value conflicts. This may constitute an act of discrimination. © 2015. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

Legal Framework Regarding Values Discrimination In two court cases, Christian students filed suit against their public universities over the requirement that students avoid imposing their moral values on clients. Julea Ward v. Board of Regents of Eastern Michigan University Jennifer Keeton v. Board of Regents of Augusta State University © 2015. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

Legal Framework Regarding Values Discrimination In some states, “freedom of conscience” clauses are being inserted into legislation to protect religious freedom However, conscientious objection acts violate the letter and spirit of the ethics codes. © 2015. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

Spirituality and Religion Spirituality refers to: General sensitivity to moral, ethical, humanitarian, and existential issues without reference to any particular religious doctrine Religion refers to: The way people express their devotion to a deity or an ultimate reality © 2015. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

Spirituality and Religion Key issues: Can the counselor understand the religious beliefs of the client? Can the counselor work within the framework of the client? © 2015. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

Role of Spiritual and Religious Values in Counseling Religion and spirituality are oftentimes part of the client’s problem and can be part of the client’s solution. Spirituality and religion are critical sources of strength for many clients. © 2015. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

Role of Spiritual and Religious Values in Counseling Spirituality and religion should be incorporated in the assessment and treatment process. Counselors need training in using a variety of intervention strategies in working with clients on their spiritual concerns. © 2015. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

End-of-Life Decisions End-of-life decisions pertain to a wide range of options that individuals may want professional assistance in exploring. Preserving and promoting a client’s self-determination is a fundamental aspect of ethical care at the end of life. © 2015. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

End-of-Life Decisions End-of-life decisions that involve physician-assisted suicide have become an increasingly controversial issue since the Death With Dignity Act became law in Oregon in 1997. © 2015. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

End-of-Life Decisions: Key Terms Rational suicide: When a person has decided — after going through a decision-making process and without coercion from others — to end his or her life because of extreme suffering involved with a terminal illness © 2015. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

End-of-Life Decisions: Key Terms Aid-in-dying: Providing a person with the means to die The person self-administers the death-causing agent, which is a lethal dose of a legal medication. © 2015. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

End-of-Life Decisions: Key Terms Hastened death: Ending one’s life earlier than would have happened without intervention Involves speeding up the dying process, which can entail withholding or withdrawing treatment or life support © 2015. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

End-of-Life Decisions: Key Terms Advance directives: Written documents that specify the conditions under which people wish to receive certain treatment or to refuse or discontinue life-sustaining treatment Living Will and Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care © 2015. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.