INFRARED PLASTIC SOLAR CELL Presented By: Subhadip Mondal Roll No.—31609113 National institute of technology,kurukshetra

Introduction Nanotechnology is the nexus of sciences. It includes anything smaller than 100 nanometers with novel properties. The advent of solar energy just about solved all the problems. The conventional solar cells that are used to harness solar energy are less efficient and cannot function properly on a cloudy day. The use of nanotechnology in the solar cells created an opportunity to overcome this problem , thereby increasing the efficiency.

Why Nanotechnology in solar cell The conventional solar cells are less efficient. Their efficiency is very poor in cloudy days. To overcome above problems, A new type of solar cell embedded with NANOTECHNOLOGY is developed, which is INFRARED PLASTIC SOLAR CELL.

INFRARED PLASTIC SOLAR CELL Scientists have invented a plastic solar cell that can turn the suns power into electric energy even on a cloudy day. The plastic material uses nanotechnology and contains the 1stgeneration solar cells that can harness the sun’s invisible infrared rays. This breakthrough made us to believe that plastic solar cells could one day become more efficient than the current solar cell.

Division of sunlight Sun Visible Infrared Earth

INFRARED PLASTIC SOLAR CELL We made the infrared plastic solar cell by using conducting plastic means polymer which feature conjugate double bond that enables electrons to move through them. It reduces the need to PLUG IN for power. Fig: Infrared plastic solar cell Source:www.seminarsonly.com

It uses specially designed Nano particles called quantum dots. Source:www.slideplayer.com

The quantum dots with a polymer to make the plastic that can detect energy in the infrared. QUANTUM DOT LAYER Source:www.slideplayer.com

WORKING OF PLASTIC SOLAR CELL A layer only 200 nanometers thick is sandwiched between electrodes. It can produce 0.7V at present The sunlight passes through the transparent electrode is absorbed by the semiconducting donor and acceptor material in the photoactive layer. Source:www.krishisanskriti.org

It requires semiconductor Nano rods (7 nm by 60nm). The heart of a solar cell is a 200-nm-thick Nano rods embedded in a semiconducting polymer Fig: Basic structure of plastic solar cell Source:www.krishisanskriti.org It consists of cadmium selenite (CdSe) Nano rods and blended with P3HT(poly-3hexylthiophene).

Aluminum coating acts as the back electrode . When Nanorods absorb light they generate an electron and an electron hole. Electron is collected by aluminum electrode. The hole is transferred to the plastic and conveyed to the electrode, creating a current. Source:www.krishisanskriti.org

IMPROVEMENTS Better light collection and concentration employed in the solar cells. In plastic cells Nano rods are closely packed and transfer their electrons more directly to the electrolyte. They also hope to tune the Nano rods to absorb different colors to span the spectrum of sun light.

APPLICATIONS Telecommunication systems: Radio transceivers on mountain tops, or telephone boxes in the country can often be solar powered.

Hydrogen powered car: Hydrogen car painted with the film could convert solar energy into electricity to continually recharge the car’s battery

Chip coating: Chip coated in the material could power cell phone A couple of drops if the titanium dioxide suspension is then added. The slide is then set aside to dry for one minute.

Ocean navigation aids: Source:www.seminarsonly.com Ocean navigation aids: many lighthouses and most buoys are now powered by solar cells.

Infrared Plastic Solar Cells Source:www.seminarsonly.com

ADVANTAGES Plastic solar cells are quite a lot useful in the coming future. This is because of the large number of advantages it has got. Some of the major advantages are: They are considered to be 30% more efficient when compared to conventional solar cells. They are more efficient and more practical in application. Traditional solar cells are bulky panels. This is very compact. Conventional solar cells are only used for large applications with big budgets. But the plastic solar cells are feasible as they can be even sewn into fabric- thus having vast applications. Flexible, roller processed solar cells have the potential to turn the sun’s power into a clean, green, consistent source of energy.

LIMITATIONS They are very costly. Relatively shorter life span when continuously exposed to sunlight. It requires higher maintenance and constant monitoring.

CONCLUSION Plastic solar cells help in exploiting the infrared radiation. More effective when compared to conventional solar cells. They can even work on cloudy days. Though at present cost is a major drawback, it can be solved in the near future.

FUTURE SCOPE Improve the efficiency of plastic solar cell. Improve the time span of plastic solar cell for widely use. Decrease the cost of manufacture of plastic solar cell. Research is on to fabricate thin film InAs/GaAs quantum dot solar cell which have alternatively low cost, light weight flexible using the same layer transfer scheme.

REFERENCES 1.Introduction to Nanotechnology:Charles P Poole,Frank J Owens 2.Nanomaterials:synthesis,properties and applications: Edelstein, A.S.cammarata 3.Solar energy-fundamentals, design, modeling, applications : G.N.Tiwari 4. Shraddha R. Jogdhankar, Channappa Bhyri , ” A Review Paper on Infrared Plastic Solar Cell”. 5. Nabhani, Nader, and Milad Emami. "Nanotechnology and its Applications in Solar Cells." transport 10: 11. 6. Tanabe, Katsuaki, Katsuyuki Watanabe, and Yasuhiko Arakawa. "Flexible thin-film InAs/GaAs quantum dot solar cells." Applied Physics Letters 100.19 (2012): 192102. 7. Kalyani, R., and K. Gurunathan. A Review on Plastic (Flexible) Solar Cells. J Nanotec Nanosci 1: 100114. Issue 1–KJNN-100114 www. kenkyugroup. org Page 1, 2016.

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