Objective: To examine the presidencies of Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Ford, and Carter. John F. Kennedy 1961-1963 Jimmy Carter 1977-1981.

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Presentation transcript:

Objective: To examine the presidencies of Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Ford, and Carter. John F. Kennedy 1961-1963 Jimmy Carter 1977-1981 Richard Nixon 1969-1974 Lyndon Johnson 1963-1969 Gerald Ford 1974-1977

President John F. Kennedy JFK – Election and Assassination: · Democrat John F. Kennedy defeated the Republican Richard Nixon in the presidential election of 1960. View the debate, the first televised presidential debate in U.S. history. The first televised presidential debate in 1960 between John F. Kennedy and Richard Nixon.

Video: CBS News coverage of the assassination (1:50) · In 1963, Pres. Kennedy was assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald in Dallas, Texas. Video: CBS News coverage of the assassination (1:50)

Video of Oswald’s Murder Jack Ruby, shot Lee Harvey Oswald on November 24th, 1963, as the Dallas Police was transferring Oswald to the county jail. Video of Oswald’s Murder

President Lyndon Johnson · Vice-president Lyndon Johnson was named President upon the assassination of John F. Kennedy in 1963. Lyndon B. Johnson takes the oath of office aboard Air Force One in Dallas, Texas, November 22, 1963.

· Pres. Johnson developed a series of new programs called the Great Society aimed at increasing the standard of living of Americans. Great Society Programs: - Medicare helped pay the hospital bills for citizens over the age of 65. - Medicaid gave states money to help poor people pay for medical care.

“Kindly Move Over A Little, Gentlemen” - The Economic Opportunity Act helped the poor by offering job training and loans. - Congress created the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) to build low-income housing. ---A 1965 Herblock Cartoon, copyright by The Herb Block Foundation “Kindly Move Over A Little, Gentlemen”

1968: Year of Crisis · Americans protested against the Vietnam War across the country. Student protesters marching down Langdon Street at the University of Wisconsin-Madison during the Vietnam War era. (January, 1965)

· Thousands of college students burned draft cards and refused to serve in the military. Remains of ripped Vietnam War draft card. (1972)

· Presidential candidate Senator Robert Kennedy was assassinated. Sirhan Sirhan, convicted killer of Robert Kennedy, in a 1997 photo. Robert F. Kennedy

Election of 1968: · Republican Richard Nixon defeated Democrat Hubert Humphrey.

Richard Nixon as President · Pres. Nixon opposed parts of the Great Society programs and cut funds for job training, low-income housing and education.

· Nixon easily defeated Democratic Senator George McGovern to win reelection in 1972. Richard Nixon

The Watergate Affair: In June of 1972, police caught five men breaking into the Democratic headquarters in the Watergate apartment building in Washington, D.C. · The burglars were linked to Nixon’s reelection committee, but Nixon said that he was not involved in the scandal. Video: Pres. Nixon defends his office on Watergate charges Watergate Hotel

· However, Nixon made secret tapes of all conversations in his office, in which he was caught on tape talking about trying to cover up the Watergate break-in. ---A 1974 Herblock Cartoon, copyright by The Herb Block Foundation

· In the meantime, Vice President Spiro Agnew was accused of taking bribes and was forced to resign.

· Pres. Nixon then assigned Representative Gerald Ford as his new Vice-President.

Video: President Nixon Resignation Address (15:35) · In 1974, the House of Representatives passed three articles of impeachment against Nixon, including obstructing justice. · In August of 1974, Nixon resigned from office rather than go through an impeachment trial. Video: President Nixon Resignation Address (15:35) President Richard Nixon delivers remarks to the White House staff on his final day in office. From left to right are David Eisenhower, Julie Nixon Eisenhower, the president, First Lady Pat Nixon, Tricia Nixon Cox, and Ed Cox. (August 9, 1974)

Video: Ford Pardons Nixon - September 8, 1974 (9:34) A Time to Heal Vice-President Ford was named President upon Nixon’s resignation. Pres. Ford then granted Nixon a “full, free and absolute pardon”. Video: Ford Pardons Nixon - September 8, 1974 (9:34)

Ford lost a close race for reelection in 1976 to the Democrat Jimmy Carter. Carter dealt with high unemployment, inflation, an energy crisis, and a hostage crisis in Iran. He also reopened relations with China and helped negotiate an Arab-Israeli peace agreement.