3.3 – Rules for Differentiation

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Presentation transcript:

3.3 – Rules for Differentiation Ch. 3 – Derivatives 3.3 – Rules for Differentiation

Let’s learn some shortcuts for finding derivatives! Power Rule: If , then Ex: If g(x)=x5, then g’(x)=5x4 . Ex: If h(x)=x-2, then h’(x)=-2x-3 . Constant Multiple Rule: Ex: If f(x)=3x2, then Sum and Difference Rule: Ex: If f(x)= x2+x , then

Derivative of a Constant: If f(x)=c, then f’(x)=0. Ex: Find the derivative of the following functions.

To find a second derivative, find the derivative of the derivative! Ex: Find the second derivatives of the following functions.

Ex: Find the equation of the tangent line to f(x)=3x2+4x-2 at x=1. We need a point and a slope… To find slope, evaluate the derivative at x=1! Now make an equation using (1,f(1)) as your point!

Ex: Find the x-values at which the tangent line to the curve of Ex: Find the x-values at which the tangent line to the curve of is horizontal. Horizontal tangent line means slope=0 Slope=0 means derivative=0, so find the zeros of the derivative! So

Product Rule: When two functions are multiplied together, we must use product rule to find the total derivative. Ex: Find the derivative of f(x)=(3x2-x)(4–x3). Separate the problem into two products, u=3x2-x and v=4-x3 ... Would you get the same answer if you multiplied out f(x) at the start, then differentiated? YES!

Quotient Rule: Low d high minus high d low...all over the square below! Ex: Find the derivative of f(x). Let u=3x3-2 and v=2x Would you get the same answer if you separated f into two fractions? YES!

Ex: A formula for relating pressure and volume for an ideal gas is listed below. Assuming n, R, and T are constants, find dP/dV. We are differentiating w/respect to V! Treat n, R, and T as if they were constant numbers!