Gender-Responsive NAP Processes Coordinating Climate-Resilient Development Gender-Responsive NAP Processes Jo-Ellen Parry September 6, 2017 San José, Costa Rica

Why a gender-responsive NAP process? Adaptation efforts will not be effective or sustainable if they do not take gender into account. NAP processes can provide an opportunity to address countries’ existing gender inequalities.

Policy drivers Cancun Adaptation Framework: Paris Agreement: » “enhanced action on adaptation should… follow a country-driven, gender-sensitive, participatory and fully transparent approach Paris Agreement: » “adaptation action should follow a country- driven, gender-responsive, participatory and fully transparent approach” » SBI assessment of progress on NAPs SDGs: » Goal 5: “Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls” » Cross-cutting theme

Gender-responsive NAP processes Actively promote gender equality. » Need to actively examine and address gender norms, roles and inequalities Take actions to empower women throughout the NAP process. » Household and community level » In policy and planning

Factors involved in a gender-responsive NAP process

A gender- responsive NAP process Plans are responsive to gender differences in adaptation needs, opportunities and capacities Prioritization processes and allocation of finance and other resources are gender-responsive Equitable representation of women and women’s organizations Gender-balanced participation in planning processes Opportunities, benefits and losses from adaptation actions are equitably shared All actors have the capacities needed to integrate gender considerations Access to information is equitable M&E systems track progress on gender equality and women’s empowerment Data collection is sex-disaggregated and gender-differentiated impacts are analyzed

Achieving a gender-responsive NAP process Planning Use sex-disaggregated data, gender-sensitive climate vulnerability assessments, and inputs from gender experts to inform adaptation planning (A4, B2) Ensure effective participation of women, women’s organizations and institutions promoting gender equality in planning processes (B4) Facilitate inclusive decision-making that takes the specific needs and priorities of women and men into consideration (B4) Implementation Integrate gender equality in criteria for prioritizing adaptation actions (C1) Identify specific actions targeting particularly vulnerable women (C2) Practice gender-responsive budgeting (C2) M&E Include indicators of gender equality and women’s empowerment in adaptation processes (D1) Evaluate the differentiated impact of adaptation actions on women and men (D2)

Achieving a gender-responsive NAP process Enabling Factors Institutional arrangements (A1) Ensure equitable representation by women and men in institutional structures of the NAP process Highlight need for gender-sensitivity in the terms of reference for institutional structures Capacity development (C3) Facilitate targeted capacity building for women and women’s organizations to enable effective participation in the NAP process Facilitate capacity building for NAP teams on integrating gender considerations Information sharing (B4, C3) Address gender-specific barriers to information access in communication and dissemination strategies Design climate information services to provide equitable access for women and men

Review of 7 NAPs Initial observations » Reference to gender – most include Typically as priority sector or principle » Reference to women Vulnerability to climate change; as beneficiaries Less as agents of change » Planning Several suggest informed by gender analysis Less reference to equitable participation in planning process; gender in M&E » Institutional arrangements Few reference inclusion of ministry responsible for gender Going forward » Can advance before and after NAP document National and subnational level

Steps to make NAP processes more gender-responsive Gender balanced participation in decision-making Building skills of gender and adaptation specialists Knowledge sharing among countries on gender considerations in the NAP process

Resources Draft Guidelines to Mainstream Gender in the Development of National Adaptation Plans (NAPs)

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Interactive Session

In your groups, discuss the following: » What are the main challenges that you are facing or that you foresee in terms of efforts to create a gender-responsive NAP? » What might be solutions or actions you could take within your NAP process to mitigate or overcome these challenges? Select and write on your cards: » Two challenges and » Two solutions And select a representative to present these selections in plenary