Tips for the Researcher Researcher

Exploring your Topic  Chosen for you, or choose for yourself  Refine your topic to something that is interesting to you  Too broad / too narrow dilemma  Your overall topic is Famous Photographers Do you write about all famous American photographers? Too broad Do you write about the cameras used by Ansel Adams? Too narrow Do you write about Ansel Adams? Just right

Keep Exploring Search Hint: Use quotation marks for phrase searches e.g. “renaissance paintings” Symbolism in Art Brainstorm ideas for a topic Come up with keywords Create a Concept Map Expand your search using alternate keywords symbolism (typology, psychology, motifs) art (paintings, watercolours, drawings)

Concept Map Symbolism In Art Religious Symbolism Psychological Aspects Old Testament Hinduism Modern Art Andy Warhol Sculptures Graffiti Art Therapy

Let’s Do a Search! Detail from one of the 6 Lady and the Unicorn tapestries

Let’s do a Search! Go to the Holland College Library Home Page Select the Everything tab (it is the default ) { Enter your search terms here }

(Harris 96)

What is Plagiarism? Taking credit for work that isn’t your own! Simply stated, “It is cheating and dishonest”

Plagiarism is… A breach of the Holland College Code of Conduct for Learners!! Consequences may range from…  Formal warning  Probation  Suspension, or  Dismissal

Plagiarism includes…  Copying an entire paper and claiming it as your own  Copying part of a paper and claiming it as your own  Copying information from a source and passing it off as your own  Cutting and pasting from the web or any other electronic resource and passing it off as your own  Paraphrasing without proper MLA citation (author AND page number(s))

Accident or Not It’s Still Plagiarism When…  Copying text word for word and failing to put quotation marks around it even if you cite it  Inaccurately quoting a source  Omitting in-text citations even though the source is cited on the works cited page  Failing to include the citation on the works cited page

Tools to Avoid Plagiarism Public domain image used with permission from karenswhimsy.com.

How do I Avoid It?  Use your own words and ideas  Give credit for direct quotes using quotation marks and citing the source  Keep copies of all resources you consult  Give credit for websites, photos, diagrams, graphics, multimedia  Paraphrases, restating the author’s words or ideas in your own words, must be cited properly

To Cite or Not to Cite ? (Harris 155)

Cite unless it’s….  Proverbs or sayings e.g., Beggars can’t be choosers  Common knowledge (can find a fact in several sources) e.g., Sir John A. Macdonald was the first prime minister of Canada. When in Doubt ….. CITE IT!!

Sources to cite  Books  Journal Articles  Web Sites  Government Documents  Statistics  Images  Video recordings  Interviews 

Question 1 a)Yes, it’s plagiarism b)No, it isn’t c)Don’t know It’s the night before your paper is due, and you haven’t done any work. You buy a paper from an online paper mill and hand it in as your own. Is this plagiarism?

Question 2 a)Yes, it’s plagiarism b)No, it isn’t c)Don’t know You use the saying What happens in Vegas stays in Vegas in an essay you’ve written about gambling. You do not put quotes around it, nor do you cite it. Is this plagiarism?

Question 3 a)Yes, it’s plagiarism b)No, it isn’t c)Don’t know You find a great idea in an article, so you use it in your paper. You don’t bother to cite the source of the idea because you’ve expressed it in your own words. Is this plagiarism?

More Details! Corinthian capital, Hadrian's Library, Athens

MLA Citation and Works Cited list entry Examples The Inuit believe that they return as animals after they have shaken off their human mortal coil. Thus, when you see images of dancing bears in Inuit art, this represents Inuit souls who have returned as polar bears and the dancing represents joy and fun (“About Polar Bears”). “About Polar Bears.” INUIT.NET. ABoriginArt, 2005, Bears.html. Accessed 20 September Citation Works Cited List entry

Quotations  Double quotation marks around short quotations (<=four lines).  Longer quotations (>four lines) block indent and omit quotation marks.

Short Quotation (<=4 lines) “An honor code usually consists of a signed statement in which students promise not to cheat and not to tolerate those who do” (Harris 117).

Long Quotation (>4 lines) Split Citation Jollimore states that athletes are searching for anything that will make them more competitive including nutritional supplements, such as vitamins, energy bars and drinks that may compensate for dietary deficiencies, and over-the-counter products like shark cartilage and amino acids, which purport to increase muscle mass, boost energy and endurance, prompt weight gain (or loss), or reduce recovery time between workouts. (54) Author Page(s)

Paraphrasing Original text: “Admissions officers agree that whatever the topic, everything rests in the execution. They look for a thoughtful, revelatory essay that enhances the rest of a student’s application” (Flora 24). Sample Paraphrase: A students’ application for admission is based on many things, one being a creative and unique essay (Flora 24).

Capitalization Rules  Title of complete works such as journals, newspapers, books, videos, databases, websites – capitalize the first word, last word, and all principle words in the title and put them in italics. Example: The Dangers of the Work Place.  Titles of short works such as articles from journals, newspapers and magazines; web pages; short stories; poems – same capitalization rules and use quotation marks instead of italics. Example: “The Thrill of Victory.”  Always capitalize the word following a colon [ : ]. Example from a book title: The Sweat off our Brows: Working the Field  Don’t capitalize minor words like: and, or, the, is

Works Cited Page  Acknowledges all the sources you have cited in your project  Organized in alphabetical order  Strictly follows citation style format (APA, MLA... )

Works Cited

Works Cited (MLA Style) Article from Database Author. “Title of Article.” Title of Journal, vol. #, no. #, Year, Pages. Database. Date of Access. Langhamer, Claire. “Love and Courtshipin Mid-Twentieth-Century England.” Historical Journal, vol. 50, no. 1, 2007, pp Academic Search Premier. Accessed 20 September 2016.

What’s Wrong? Hint: 3 Things Karraker, Nancy E. String theory: reducing mortality of mammals in pitfall traps. Wildlife Society Bulletin, vol. 29, no. 4, 2001, pp Academic Search Premier. Accessed 20 September 2016.

Correct Version Hint: 3 Things Karraker, Nancy E. “String Theory: Reducing Mortality of Mammals in Pitfall Traps.” Wildlife Society Bulletin, vol. 29, no. 4, 2001, pp Academic Search Premier. Accessed 20 September 2016.

Works Cited MLA - Web Page Author. “Title of Page.” Title of Website. Publisher, Date, URL, Date of access. Health Canada. “West Nile Virus.” Health Alerts. Health Canada, 19 July 2004, english/westnile/index.html. Accessed 20 September 2016.

Works Cited (MLA Style) Books with 2 authors Author. Title of Book. Publisher, Year. Blicq, Ron, and John Smith. Guidelines for Report Writing. Pearson Education, 2001.

Owl at Purdue Website  This website has a good section on using in-text citation and creating Works Cited entries in MLA:  ce/747/08/#resourcenav

But what does this all mean?

Essay Development What purpose are you trying to achieve? Describe something Explain something Persuade the reader Support a certain point of view Example (Explain): “Animal symbolism in Inuit art”

Create an Outline History of Inuit art Contemporary Inuit artists Media of Inuit art Sculpture (soap stone) Prints (stencils, lithographs etc.) Walrus and whale bones Animal Symbols used in Inuit art and their meanings The dancing polar bear The seal The goose

Create an Outline History of Inuit art Contemporary Inuit artists Media of Inuit art Sculpture (soap stone) Prints (stencils, lithographs etc.) Walrus and whale bones Animal Symbols used in Inuit art and their meanings The dancing polar bear The seal The goose

Citation Example The Inuit believe that they return as animals after they have shaken off their human mortal coil. Thus, when you see images of dancing bears in Inuit art, this represents Inuit souls who have returned as polar bears and the dancing represents joy and fun (“About Polar Bears”). “About Polar Bears.” INUIT.NET. ABoriginArt, 2005, Bears.html. Accessed 20 September 2016.