E.Q. What are the components of DNA? p26 10/6 Monomer = Nucleotide Polymer = Nucleic acid Phosphate Sugar (deoxyribose) Nitrogenous Base DNA!!

THE BIG PICTURE Cells

Cell Membrane

Molecule Movement

Carbs, Lipids, and Proteins Also used as energy from food

Nucleus

A lesson from Jurassic Park...

How many parts to a Nucleic Acid??

1 2 3

Phosphate Nitrogenous Base Sugar

Half a DNA Nitrogenous Base Phosphate Sugar

Full DNA Phosphate Nitrogenous Bases

DNA Double Helix Nitrogenous Base (A,T,G or C) “Rungs of ladder” “Legs of ladder” Phosphate & Sugar Backbone

For Thursday: A HISTORY OF DNA DNA double helix Discovery of the DNA double helix A.Rosalind Franklin - X-ray photo of DNA. (1952) B.Watson and Crick - described the DNA molecule from Franklin’s X-ray. (1953)

Nitrogenous Base

Nitrogenous Bases PURINES PURINES Adenine (A) 1.Adenine (A) Guanine (G) 2.Guanine (G) PYRIMIDINES PYRIMIDINES Thymine (T) 3.Thymine (T) Cytosine (C) 4.Cytosine (C) T or C A or G

Adenine Thymine Adenine must pair with Thymine GuanineCytosine Guanine must pair with Cytosine about the same Their amounts in a given DNA molecule will be about the same. G C TA The apple grows on the tree! The car goes in the garage!

Apples Grow on Trees Adenine to Thymine

Cars go in Garages Cytosine to Guanine

DNA Double Helix P P P O O O P P P O O O G C TA HYDROGEN BONDS

The differently shaped bases are bonded together antiparallel to one another (5’  3’)antiparallel DNA ladder will twist into a double helix shape

Antiparallel

Important to Remember: All living things have DNA! Scientists refer to this as a “common genetic code” The sequence of bases matters! The order determines the organism.

Replicating DNA DNA Molecule #1 G T C A C T G T G C T A

Replicating DNA DNA Molecule #1 G T C A C T G T G C T A CAGTGACACGATCAGTGACACGAT