Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, IncSlides created by Bob Koziel

Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc 2 Tips for using the slide show Use MS Power Point XP to view the presentation. Earlier versions will not show the animations correctly. Slides with : Click the slide to view all of its sections and animations. Some slides need to be clicked several times. will appear once the last object on the slide has appeared. Click to go to the next slide. represents an Internet link that will take you to the Web site when you click on it. Internet connection required. Clicking on the or icon will take you to the previous or the next slide. Slides with videos or sounds: Click on the picture to view videos or listen to sounds. NEXT SLIDE I NEXT SLIDE Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc

3 Chapter 9 The World Wide Web and Electronic Commerce COMPUTERS IN YOUR FUTURE 2004 COMPUTERS IN YOUR FUTURE 2004 by Bryan Pfaffenberger and Bill Daley Chapter 9 The World Wide Web and Electronic Commerce What You Will Learn NEXT SLIDE The concept of hypertext Contrast Web browsers and Web servers Parts of a URL Functions of browser navigation buttons Contrast Web subject guides and search engines How search operators improve Web search results The reliability of information on a Web page Business-to-business and e-commerce The popularity of public e-commerce applications

Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc 4 The Hypertext Concept Hypertext is a way of presenting information so that the order in which it’s read is left up to the reader. Hyperlinks are underlined or highlighted words that can be used to view another document or Web page. Hypermedia refers to a link to multimedia such as music and movies. The Web is a distributed hypermedia system. NEXT SLIDE

Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc 5 Web Browsers and Servers Web browsers display a Web document and enable users to link to other Web pages. The first browsers were text-only. Mosaic was the first graphical browser. Web servers respond to the requests of browsers. They find and send requested resources back to browser. NEXT SLIDE

Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc 6 Web site A Web site is a collection of related Web documents that are made available to the public. The index page, or home page, is the first page of a Web site. Web pages are individual Web documents. NEXT SLIDE

Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc 7 Web addresses are an addressing system that identifies where a Web resource is located. The uniform resource locator (URL) is the standard used to identify Web resources. The URL consists of:  Protocol– The first part of the address. It identifies the means of access. Examples: ftp://, gopher://  Server– The second part which contains the domain name of the Web server. Example;  Path– The third part, which identifies the location of the document. Example: /help/shop/  Resource– The last part, which specifies the filename of the resource. Example: /shop-01.html URL – Web Addresses (URLs) NEXT SLIDE

Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc 8 Web Protocols Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) specifies the format of URLs as well as the procedure clients and servers follow to establish communication. NEXT SLIDE

Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc 9 HTML Document Web Page Design Authors use a markup language called Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) to create Web pages. The markup language consists of codes that identify portions and special effects in the document. NEXT SLIDE

Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc 10 Page Created NEXT SLIDE HTML Document

Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc 11 Standard Toolbar– Contains Navigation buttons Address Bar– Contains URL of Web page Back & Forward Buttons– Take you to recently visited pages Stop Button– Stops downloading Refresh Button– Updates (refreshes) the page Home Button– Returns to default start page Search Button– Opens search engine program Favorites Button– List of bookmarked Web pages Media Button– Opens media player program History Button– List of Web sites visited over a period of time Button– Opens program Printer Button– Prints documents Other Navigation Buttons Program icon– Animates when downloading Status bar– Messages about the browser’s operation Hyperlinks Click to view features The Web Browser’s Window NEXT SLIDE

Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc 12 Using the Default Start Page The default start page is the page that appears when the Web browser starts. It can be customized. The default page’s setting is located in the Internet Options menu. While exploring the Web, clicking on the browser’s Home button will return you to the default start page. NEXT SLIDE

Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc 13 Accessing Web Pages To access a Web page, you can do any of the following:  Click a hyperlink.  Type a URL in the Address box.  Click a button on the Links toolbar.  Use the Back and Forward buttons.  Use a Web site’s navigation aids.  Use the History list.  Use the Favorites or Bookmarks list. NEXT SLIDE

Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc 14 Finding Information on the Web Ways to find information on the Web: Browse or surf the Web– This involves linking from one Web page to another, and so forth. Search the Web– This method uses search engines to locate Web pages with the information you’re looking for. Subject guides– Web pages are grouped under headings. NEXT SLIDE

Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc 15 Using Search Engines To use a search engine, you:  Choose a search engine (MSN, Lycos, Alta-Vista, Yahoo, etc).  Type in one or more words describing your topic. The search engine checks it’s database of Web pages that contain the words typed. The results are sent to your computer. Clicking on the link takes you to that page. NEXT SLIDE

Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc 16 Using Search Techniques Learning a few search techniques can increase the accuracy of Web searches. Searches using search operators will improve search performance. Most search engines use the following search operators:  Inclusion/exclusion operators  Wild cards  Phrases  Boolean operators NEXT SLIDE

Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc 17 The following tables show the results of using and not using search operators. Words Entered Possible Results– Web pages containing Fire station Fire station Fire station Words EnteredPossible Results– Web pages containing +Fire+stationFire station +Fire+station * Fire station Fire stations +Fire-station * Fire “Fire station”Fire station Fire and stationFire station Fire or station Fire station Fire station Fire not stationFire No Search Operators Using Search Operators Using Search Techniques NEXT SLIDE

Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc 18 Rules for Evaluating Web Pages 1.Author– Who is the author? 2.Sources – Where does the information come from? 3.Server– Who provides the server for the page? 4.Objectivity– Is the information objective or one- sided? 5.Style– Is the language objective or argumentative? 6.Purpose– What is the purpose of the page? 7.Accuracy– Is the information accurate? 8.Currency– Is the page up-to-date? NEXT SLIDE

Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc 19 Understanding Electronic Commerce Electronic commerce, or e-commerce, consists of using telecommunications to carry out business. Types of e-commerce:  Business-to-business (B2B)  Online shopping  Secure Electronic Transactions (SET)  Online banking  Online stock trading  Online travel reservations NEXT SLIDE

Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc 20 Online shopping is made possible by browser security and encryption features. Online shopping is becoming more popular each year. Click-and-brick– Is the term given to a retail store that also has an online store. The most successful online stores are Amazon.com, autobytel.com, and eBay. Online Shopping NEXT SLIDE

Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc 21 Secure Electronic Transactions (SET) Secure Electronic Transactions refer to the online shopping security standard that prevents credit card fraud. Digital certificates are used for merchants and customers. A third party called the certificate authority validates the certificates. Customers are required to add software to their computers. NEXT SLIDE

Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc 22 Online Banking Online banking offers customers the ability to access their accounts, balance checkbooks, transfer funds, and pay bills. All information is stored on the bank’s computers which allows access from anywhere. The browser’s secure mode is used to encrypt data. NEXT SLIDE

Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc 23 Online Stock Trading Online stock trading enables investors to buy and sell stocks on the Internet. They account for one out of every six stock trades. They offer a low, usually less than $10, charge per trade. NEXT SLIDE

Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc 24 NEXT SLIDE Chapter 9 Summary 1.Related information, in hypertext documents, is referenced by linking to other documents. 2.The user’s Web browser is known as the client, and the Web server retrieves documents requested by the client. 3.A URL consists of the: 1.Protocol 2.Server 3.Path 4.Resource name 4.Web pages are created using Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). 5.You can improve search results by using inclusion operators, phrases, and Boolean operators. 1.Related information, in hypertext documents, is referenced by linking to other documents. 2.The user’s Web browser is known as the client, and the Web server retrieves documents requested by the client. 3.A URL consists of the: 1.Protocol 2.Server 3.Path 4.Resource name 4.Web pages are created using Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). 5.You can improve search results by using inclusion operators, phrases, and Boolean operators.

Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc 25 NEXT SLIDE Chapter 9 Summary cont. 6.Critically evaluate the author’s credentials and purposes for publishing when reading Web pages. 7.Electronic commerce involves: 1.Business-to-business 2.Online shopping 3.Online banking 4.Online stock trading 5.Online travel reservations 6.Critically evaluate the author’s credentials and purposes for publishing when reading Web pages. 7.Electronic commerce involves: 1.Business-to-business 2.Online shopping 3.Online banking 4.Online stock trading 5.Online travel reservations

Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc 26 THE END