Takeo Higuchi Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK On behalf of the Belle Outreach Task Force Oct.30,2006Joint Meeting of Pacific Region Particle Physics Communities Belle Outreach Program 1

Importance of Outreach Activity Individual researchers, universities, and institutes are primarily requested to open, describe, and feed our research outcome back to citizens to obtain their strong supports for our sustainable research activities. Dec.27,2005 The 5 th Report for the Prime Minister of Japan by the Council for Science and Technology Policy

KEKB: e  e  collider Energy-asymmetric e  e  collider – 8.0GeV e  on 3.5 GeV e . – e  e   Y(4 S )  BB Peak luminosity L peak = 1.65 x cm 2 /s Integrated luminosity KEKB Mt. Tsukuba Belle Linac 3 km 0 200/fb 400/fb 600/fb Apr.16, 2001 Mar.31, 2003 Mar.14, 2005 Feb.26, 2007 World record  Ldt > 650 / fb Japan

Belle: Collaboration / Detector the Belle detector consists of – Silicon vertex detector – Central drift chamber – Time of flight counter – Aerogel Cherenkov counter – Electromagnetic calorimeter – K L and  detector ~ 8x8x8 m 3 in volume Belle ee ee Physics at Belle – We present 26 hot topics at this conference. Please look forward. Belle is an international collaboration – >400 researchers from 13 countries, 57 institutes.

Outreach at Belle We have just started our outreach programs. Key concept = “ Open the real Belle experiment as much as possible ” – Web publication of real Belle data.  This talk. – Operation of the real Belle detector.  The next talk. – Communication with real Belle researchers.  The next talk. More impressive; excites the for curiosity of general public Better for hard-working busy researchers ­ Full utilization of the Belle saves time in preparation.

B-Lab “Wouldn’t it be attractive if one can try a new particle search with real Belle data at home?” Data publication on the KEK web page. Invariant mass reconstruction at home.

B-Lab: Real Data on the Web internet B-Lab registrants part of real data (1.33/fb) textbooksample codes All startup kits are on the Web invariant mass reconstruction mass peak Free of Charge!

B-Lab Textbook Contents: – Introduction to the fundamental particles ­ Quarks, leptons, and gauge bosons. ­ Mesons and baryons. ­ Anti-particles. ­ Particle decay and intrinsic lifetime. – KEKB and Belle – Introduction to particle searches ­ Energy and momentum conservation laws. ­ Intrinsic invariant mass. ­ Reconstruction of invariant mass. ­ Mass distribution, mass peak, and statistics. – Software usage (ROOT) Cover page Home-made textbook Covers material from introductory to advanced levels

B-Lab Software Environment B-Lab analysis framework = ROOT ­ Installation procedures are provided on the web page. – For Windows: ROOT for Windows w/ Visual C++ DLL – For Macintosh:ROOT on X11 The read data (1.33/fb) on the web is formatted in ROOT. – Event wise.  Each event record contains a particle list. – Each particle record contains: ­ 4-momentum: ( px, py, pz, E ) ­ Charge: q ­ Simplified PID:  =0, e=1,  =2,  =3, K=4, p=5

B-Lab Software Environment The ROOT analysis kit for ( int j=0;j<nparticles;j++ ) { for ( int k=j+1;k<nparticles;k++ ) { BParticle* p1 = (BParticle*)plist[j]; BParticle* p2 = (BParticle*)plist[k]; double chg1 = p1->charge(); double chg2 = p2->charge(); if( chg1==0 || chg1!=-chg2 ) continue; int pid1 = p1->pid(); int pid2 = p2->pid(); if( pid1!=PION || pid2!=PION ) continue; float px = p1->px()+p2->px(); float py = p1->py()+p2->py(); float pz = p1->pz()+p2->pz(); float e = p1->e()+p2->e(); float mass = sqrt ( e*e-px*px-py*py-pz*pz ); } loop over  lists Ex: K S      decay charge check PID check K S candidate invariant mass

Reward for a New Discovery If a member of general public discovers a new physics in B-lab data ­ after an intensive examination by the Belle collaborators. – His/her name is listed in the acknowledgment in a journal paper. – His/her effort is referred to in conference presentations by Belle. – A curved metal bar with his/her name is posted on the Belle detector. – Until publication by the Belle collaboration, the discoverer may not present anything related to the discovery.

B-Lab Fans High school students seem to be very interested in new particle searches. Registrant category# High school student165 University student15 Others113 Total293 up to Sep.1 st,2006 since 2004 summer

Discovery Reports  m = ~0.49 GeV/ c 2 in     – Wrong PID (   to   ).  m = ~0.72 GeV/ c 2 in K S  , m = ~0.99 GeV/ c 2 in K S     – Duplicated count of same K S daughters.  m = ~0.91 GeV/ c 2 in K S e  e , m = ~1.0 GeV/ c 2 in K S   e , m = ~1.0 GeV/ c 2 in K S     – Duplicated count of K S daughter  with wrong PID.  m = ~0.19 GeV/ c 2 in  0 , m = ~0.27 GeV/ c 2 in  0 2 , m = ~0.36 GeV/ c 2 in 2  0 , m = ~0.47 GeV/ c 2 in 3  0 – Duplicated count of  0 daughter .

Discovery Reports – Cont’d m = ~1.86 GeV/ c 2 in 3 K S = D 0 m = ~1.97 GeV/ c 2 in K  K S = D S  m = ~2.29 GeV/ c 2 in pK S =  c  m = ~2.29 GeV/ c 2 in pK  K  =  c  actually no new particle discovered so far, but People are very interested in the new particle search. All of these are actual decays.

B-Lab Award We awarded 3 students and 2 others for their remarkable efforts on the particle searches. Award plaques with a detector readout wafer The youngest winners (high-school students)

More B-Lab Fans: B-Lab Workshop B-Lab workshop at KEK for high school students for 3 days from Dec.20,2005 – Program: B-Lab Lecture, exercise, presentation, and Belle tour B-Lab workshop at Nara high school on Feb.21,2006 – Similar program as of the KEK workshop with a hovercraft class. – Hovercraft: Experience energy and momentum conservation.

Future Plan Make B-Lab the rage through high school teachers. – B-Lab workshop for high school teachers in KEK and/or science museums. Invent teaching materials. – Support learning about particle decays and reconstruction.

Summary Outreach is becoming more and more important. Our outreach concept is “ Open the real Belle experiment as much as possible ”. We provide real Belle data though a web page for new particle searches at home = “ B-Lab ”. We have 293 B-Lab registrants. We got many reports from them. We awarded 5 B-Lab enthusiast for their remarkable efforts. To increase # of B-Lab registrants, we have B-Lab workshops for students and are planning do workshops for teachers as well.