Titan Airglow: FUV & EUV 2009 UVIS Spectra of Airglow During Day, Night & Eclipse : JOSEPH AJELLO JPL MICHAEL STEVENS NRL ROBERT WEST JPL JACQUES GUSTIN LPAP GREG HOLSCLAW CU TODD BRADLEY UCF

TITAN PROTON PLASMA (0.1 keV-4 MeV) & SOLAR XUV GENERATES 2-level IONOSPHERE ( KM) -Solar XUV Excitation –Strong Top Ionosphere -Magnetospheric: p and O + Plasma Sporadic low ionosphere (Cravens et al., 2008). South S S. POLE shelf S. Pol

N2 Cross section Analysis for Dayglow VI (2) → UVIS (16) →Lab(e +N features) V(z)=g(z) x  AURIC MODEL g j (z) = F (  x n(z) x   Å DD  Å  Å

ISS & UVIS OBSERVATION OF TITAN SOLAR 600K km plasma + N 2 UV- VIS-near IR ( ) nm N 2 night glow to 1000 km

FUV T53 DARK SIDE RECORD 0 LIMB & DISK SPECTRA km (MRH = SURFACE-800 KM) polar

T53 EUV DARK SIDE RECORD 1 LIMB & DISK SPECTRA km -Spectrum =Eclipse at 20 x closer -4-minute records -Record 0 MRH = surface to 800 km -Record 1;MRH = KM) -NO Rayleigh scattering Plasma excitation : km -Molecular bands and NI,II lines -1/10 Intensity of Dayglow

Laboratory Result: p + N 2

ELECTRON CROSS SECTIONS FOR TITAN DAYGLOW UV EMISSION MODEL S TEVENS ET AL., 2011 “Production of Titan’s Far ions Ultraviolet Nitrogen Airglow” S TEVENS ET AL., 2011 “Production of Titan’s Far ions Ultraviolet Nitrogen Airglow” AURIC Code Emission Cross Sections: AURIC Code Emission Cross Sections: N 2 Carroll-Yoshino c 4 ′—X system,b‘-X, b-X systems N 2 Carroll-Yoshino c 4 ′—X system,b‘-X, b-X systems N I and N II multiplets N I and N II multiplets the N 2 Lyman-Birge-Hopfield a—X system (Young et al., 2010) the N 2 Lyman-Birge-Hopfield a—X system (Young et al., 2010) the N 2 Vegard-Kaplan A—X bands the N 2 Vegard-Kaplan A—X bands  LBH =0.7 A&S (1985)

Best (S/N) Titan Dayglow UVIS Limb Spectrum; 22June 2009: ‘800 km STARE’ Stevens et al., 2011 EUV FUV One hour EUV and FUV image of 15 – 4 minute records. –40 –42 –44 –46 –48 RA (deg) 420–2–4 DEC (deg) Pixel Number Pixel Center Ray Height (km)

AURIC MODEL FIT TO UVIS EUV SPECTRUM AT 1000 KM

AURIC MODEL FIT TO UVIS FUV SPECTRUM AT 1000 KM

AURIC MODEL OF FUV VERs AND COLUMN EMISSION RATES

The FUV Dayglow Limb Spectra of Titan Tb Tangential Scan Surface to Exosphere: 13Dec04.

DARK SIDE OBSERVATION OF TITAN ON 25MARCH2008

FUV LIMB PROFILE INTENSITIES OF 25 MARCH2009

Model fit to UVIS Dark Limb (Twilight) EUV Spectrum from 25Mar08 with a Regression Model - 7-Vectors)

HOW to GET a BRIGHT UV Airglow in 2009 BRIGHTEST LIMB AIRGLOW 22JUNE 2009 obs[14] BRIGHTEST LIMB AIRGLOW 22JUNE 2009 obs[14] SZA=53DEG, MRH =1000 km S/C ~60k KM SZA=53DEG, MRH =1000 km S/C ~60k KM BRIGHTEST DISK & 2 ND LIMB 12OCT OBS[45- 51] BRIGHTEST DISK & 2 ND LIMB 12OCT OBS[45- 51] LIMB~ 1000KM SZA~95, S/C ~175k KM

2009 Observations from Lower Ionosphere Dark Limb (F0,F5) to Topside Bright Limb (F9, F14, F48)

SUMMARY OF 2009 ECLIPSE, LIMB, BRIGHT DISK AND DARK DISK UVIS OBSERVATIONS OF TITAN Solar Driven processes on Dayside and Twilight Solar Driven processes on Dayside and Twilight Observed EUV and FUV Emissions during 1 of 3 Eclipses. Probably Plasma impact. Observed EUV and FUV Emissions during 1 of 3 Eclipses. Probably Plasma impact. Tentative Sporadic FUV Nightglow Spectra at 0.1 Intensity level of dayglow ( km). Probably Plasma Impact (protons, O +, electrons). Tentative Sporadic FUV Nightglow Spectra at 0.1 Intensity level of dayglow ( km). Probably Plasma Impact (protons, O +, electrons). Twilight (Terminator) Glow-Solar XUV at deg Limb SZA ~ Dayside Intensity. Twilight (Terminator) Glow-Solar XUV at deg Limb SZA ~ Dayside Intensity. N2 EUV (12R) /FUV (200R) dayglow structure similar to Earth N2 EUV (12R) /FUV (200R) dayglow structure similar to Earth Extend Published/Modeled spectra from Å Extend Published/Modeled spectra from Å

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