Discovering Models for State-based Processes M.L. van Eck, N. Sidorova, W.M.P. van der Aalst

Process Discovery SLIDE 1 Event Log Process Discovery Algorithm Process Model

State-based Processes SLIDE 2 Patient State Lab Testing State Combined Process Interactions

State-based Process Discovery SLIDE 3 1. Discovering Multi-perspective Models 2. Creating Simplified Views 3. Computing Behavioural Relations State Log Conf: 0.4 Lift: 2.0

State Log SLIDE 4 Case IDTimePatient StateTest State RegisteredNot started …………

State Log SLIDE 5 Case IDTimePatient StateTest State RegisteredNot started RegisteredTest planned …………

State Log SLIDE 6 Case IDTimePatient StateTest State RegisteredNot started RegisteredTest planned RegisteredWaiting on results RegisteredResults ready DiagnosedResults ready In treatmentResults ready HealthyResults ready RegisteredNot started …………

State Log SLIDE 7 Case IDTimePatient StateTest State Registered Not started Test planned Waiting on results Results ready DiagnosedResults ready In treatmentResults ready HealthyResults ready RegisteredNot started …………

State Log SLIDE 8 Case IDTimePatient StateTest State RegisteredNot started RegisteredTest planned RegisteredWaiting on results Registered Results ready Diagnosed In treatment Healthy RegisteredNot started …………

State-based Process Discovery SLIDE 9 2. Creating Simplified Views 3. Computing Behavioural Relations State Log Conf: 0.4 Lift: Discovering Multi-perspective Models

Discovering Multi-Perspective Models SLIDE 10 Input: State Log Log for the entire process 1 per perspective Output: State Machine (SM) SM for the entire process 1 SM per perspective Assumptions: Perspectives and their possible states are known At each point in time, the state of all perspectives is known

Discovering Multi-Perspective Models SLIDE 11 Trivial discovery approach: Create a node for each state Draw an arc if one state changes into another Case IDTimePatient State Registered Diagnosed In treatment Healthy Registered ……… Patient State

State-based Process Discovery SLIDE Computing Behavioural Relations State Log Conf: 0.4 Lift: Discovering Multi-perspective Models 2. Creating Simplified Views

Creating Views SLIDE 13 State Machines can be complex, with many states and transitions Focus analysis on part of process Three operations to create simplified views: Removing a transition Abstracting from a state Aggregating two states

Removing a Transition SLIDE 14

Abstracting From a State SLIDE 15 Case IDTimeTest State Not started Test planned Waiting on results New test needed Test planned Waiting on results Results ready New test needed Test planned ………

Abstracting From a State SLIDE 16 Case IDTimeTest State Not started Test planned Waiting on results New test needed Test planned Waiting on results Results ready New test needed Test planned ………

Abstracting From a State SLIDE 17

Aggregating Two States SLIDE 18 Case IDTimeTest State Not started Test planned Waiting on results New test needed Test planned Waiting on results Results ready New test needed Test planned ………

Aggregating Two States SLIDE 19 Case IDTimeTest State Not started Test planned Waiting on results Results ready + New test needed Test planned Waiting on results Results ready + New test needed Test planned ………

Aggregating Two States SLIDE 20

Creating Views SLIDE 21 Operations to create views affect model quality: Removing a transition – replay fitness Abstracting from a state – simplicity Aggregating two states – precision Future work: suggest views based on quality metrics? For now: let the user decide

State-based Process Discovery SLIDE 22 State Log Conf: 0.4 Lift: Discovering Multi-perspective Models 2. Creating Simplified Views 3. Computing Behavioural Relations

Behavioural Relations SLIDE 23

Behavioural Relations SLIDE 24

Quantifying Behavioural Relations SLIDE 25 Similar to association rules In treatment  Waiting on results Use similar metrics Support Confidence Lift

Quantifying Behavioural Relations SLIDE 26

Quantifying Behavioural Relations SLIDE 27

Quantifying Behavioural Relations SLIDE 28

Quantifying Behavioural Relations SLIDE 29

State-based Process Discovery SLIDE 30 State Log Conf: 1.0 Lift: Discovering Multi-perspective Models 2. Creating Simplified Views 3. Computing Behavioural Relations

Evaluation SLIDE 31 BPI Challenge 2012 Loan application process at a Dutch financial institution events & cases Perspectives: State of the client’s application – A events State of the institution’s offer – O events What manual work is performed (the state of human resources involved) – W events

BPI Challenge 2012 SLIDE 32

BPI Challenge 2012 SLIDE 33

Evaluation SLIDE 34

Interactive exploration BPI 2012 SLIDE 35 Demo with BPI Challenge 2012 data!

Conclusions & Future Work SLIDE 36 Traditional discovery approaches have difficulties with complex multi-perspective processes State-based process mining gives simple models Interactive exploration to investigate the complex relations Available as a plug-in for ProM 6: CSMMiner Future work: Suggestions of states and transitions for aggregation or removal Show other behavioural relations

SLIDE 37 Questions?