Analysis of Satellite Observations to Estimate Production of Nitrogen Oxides from Lightning Randall Martin Bastien Sauvage Ian Folkins Chris Sioris Chris.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Inferring SO 2 and NO x Emissions from Satellite Remote Sensing Randall Martin with contributions from Akhila Padmanabhan, Gray O’Byrne, Sajeev Philip.

Advertisements

Aircraft GC 2006 ems GC Streets ems East Asian contrib Lightning contrib Aircraft GC 2006 ems GC Streets ems No Asian No Lightning Long-range transport.

THE NITROGEN CYCLE. TOPICS FOR TODAY 1.The Nitrogen Cycle 2.Fixed Nitrogen in the Atmosphere 3.Sources of NOx 4.What about N 2 O? 5.Nitrogen Cycle: on.

Space-Based Constraints on Lightning NOx Emissions Randall V. Martin 1,2, Bastien Sauvage 1, Ian Folkins 1, Christopher Sioris 2,3, Christopher Boone 4,

Page 1 OMI Science Team Meeting, Helsinki, Finland, 24 – 27 June 2008M. Van Roozendael et al. On the usability of space nadir UV-visible observations for.

Interpreting MLS Observations of the Variabilities of Tropical Upper Tropospheric O 3 and CO Chenxia Cai, Qinbin Li, Nathaniel Livesey and Jonathan Jiang.

The Atmosphere: Oxidizing Medium In Global Biogeochemical Cycles EARTH SURFACE Emission Reduced gas Oxidized gas/ aerosol Oxidation Uptake Reduction.

THE ATMOSPHERE: OXIDIZING MEDIUM IN GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES

Adjoint inversion of Global NOx emissions with SCIAMACHY NO 2 Changsub Shim, Qinbin Li, Daven Henze, Aaron van Donkellaar, Randall Martin, Kevin Bowman,

Constraints on the Production of Nitric Oxide by Lightning as Inferred from Satellite Observations Randall Martin Dalhousie University With contributions.

This Week—Tropospheric Chemistry READING: Chapter 11 of text Tropospheric Chemistry Data Set Analysis.

INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY IN SOIL NITRIC OXIDE EMISSIONS OVER THE UNITED STATES AS VIEWED FROM SPACE Rynda Hudman, Ashley Russell, Luke Valin, Ron Cohen.

Is there a Summertime Middle East Ozone Maximum in the Upper Troposphere? Matthew Cooper, Randall Martin, Bastien Sauvage, OSIRIS Team, ACE Team GEOS-Chem.

Dalhousie University Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science Materials Science Biophysics Condensed Matter Physics Atmospheric Science Research in.

Deep Convecton and Lightning Ken Pickering – NASA/GSFC Chris Cantrell – NCAR Tropospheric Chemistry Future Activities Meeting March 8, 2007 Deep Convection.

Indirect Validation of Tropospheric Nitrogen Dioxide Retrieved from the OMI Satellite Instrument: Insight into the Seasonal Variation of Nitrogen Oxides.

Assessing the Lightning NO x Parameterization in GEOS-Chem with HNO 3 Columns from IASI Matthew Cooper 1 Randall Martin 1,2, Catherine Wespes 3, Pierre-Francois.

Trans-Pacific Transport of Ozone and Reactive Nitrogen During Spring Thomas W. Walker 1 Randall V. Martin 1,2, Aaron van Donkelaar.

Validation of a Satellite Retrieval of Tropospheric Nitrogen Dioxide Randall Martin Dalhousie University Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Daniel Jacob.

Intercomparison methods for satellite sensors: application to tropospheric ozone and CO measurements from Aura Daniel J. Jacob, Lin Zhang, Monika Kopacz.

Estimating Ozone Production Efficiency from Space Matthew Cooper 1, Randall Martin 1,2, Bastien Sauvage 3, Chris Boone 4, Kaley Walker 4,5,Peter Bernath.

Retrieval and Interpretation of UV/Vis Satellite Observations of Tropospheric Composition Randall Martin With contributions from: Rongming Hu (Dalhousie.

The Odin satellite Swedish led mini-satellite. Cooperation with Canada, Finland, France. Launched in February Design lifetime: 2 years. Circular.

Randall Martin Space-based Constraints on Emission Inventories of Nitrogen Oxides Chris Sioris, Kelly Chance (Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory) Lyatt.

Satellite Observations of Tropospheric Gases and Aerosols Randall Martin With contributions from: Rongming Hu (Dalhousie University) Chris Sioris, Xiong.

Using Satellite Data to Infer Surface Emissions and Boundary Layer Concentrations of NO x (and SO 2 ) Randall Martin With contributions from: Xiong Liu,

Randall Martin Space-based Constraints on Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides With contributions from: Chris Sioris, Kelly Chance (Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory)

Satellite and Aircraft Based Constraints on NO X Emissions Randall Martin Chris Sioris Kelly Chance Tom Ryerson Andy Neuman Ron Cohen UC Berkeley Aaron.

Retrieval and Interpretation of Tropospheric Observations from GOME Randall Martin Daniel Jacob Paul Palmer Sushil Chandra Jerry Ziemke Mian Chin Kelly.

Dalhousie University Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science Materials Science Biophysics Condensed Matter Physics Atmospheric Science Research in.

Seasonal variability of UTLS hydrocarbons observed from ACE and comparisons with WACCM Mijeong Park, William J. Randel, Louisa K. Emmons, and Douglas E.

The GEOS-CHEM Simulation of Trace Gases over China Li ZHANG and Hong LIAO Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences April 24, 2008.

ANALYSIS OF TROPOSPHERIC OBSERVATIONS FROM GOME AND TOMS Randall Martin, Daniel Jacob, Jennifer Logan, Paul Palmer Harvard University Kelly Chance, Thomas.

Application of Satellite Observations for Timely Updates to Bottom-up Global Anthropogenic NO x Emission Inventories L.N. Lamsal 1, R.V. Martin 1,2, A.

Long-range transport of NO y and O 3 Thomas Walker Dalhousie University Department of Physics & Atmospheric Science December 6, 2006.

QUESTIONS 1. How does the thinning of the stratospheric ozone layer affect the source of OH in the troposphere? 2. Chemical production of ozone in the.

SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS OF ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY Daniel J. Jacob.

Space-based insight into the global sources of nitrogen oxides with implications for tropical tropospheric ozone Randall Martin Dalhousie University With.

Constraints on the Production of Nitric Oxide by Lightning as Inferred from Satellite Observations Randall Martin Dalhousie University With contributions.

1 Monitoring Tropospheric Ozone from Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) Xiong Liu 1,2,3, Pawan K. Bhartia 3, Kelly Chance 2, Thomas P. Kurosu 2, Robert.

1 Examining Seasonal Variation of Space-based Tropospheric NO 2 Columns Lok Lamsal.

Two New Applications of Satellite Remote Sensing: Timely Updates to Emission Inventories and Constraints on Ozone Production Randall Martin, Dalhousie.

Processes driving O 3 within the troposphere The Tropics / The Atlantic Bastien Sauvage et al.

Picture: METEOSAT Oct 2000 Tropospheric O 3 budget of the South Atlantic region B. Sauvage, R. V. Martin, A. van Donkelaar, I. Folkins, X.Liu, P. Palmer,

USE OF GEOS-CHEM BY SMITHSONIAN ASTROPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY AND DALHOUSIE UNIVERSITY Randall Martin Mid-July SAO Halifax, Nova Scotia.

Transport of ozone and reactive nitrogen during INTEX-B Thomas W. Walker M. Sc. thesis defence August 30, 2007 Photo from Environment Canada OMI Tropospheric.

Global Air Pollution Inferred from Satellite Remote Sensing Randall Martin, Dalhousie and Harvard-Smithsonian with contributions from Aaron van Donkelaar,

Impact of OMI data on assimilated ozone Kris Wargan, I. Stajner, M. Sienkiewicz, S. Pawson, L. Froidevaux, N. Livesey, and P. K. Bhartia   Data and approach.

Assimilated Inversion of NO x Emissions over East Asia using OMI NO 2 Column Measurements Chun Zhao and Yuhang Wang School of Earth and Atmospheric Science,

Xiaomeng Jin and Arlene Fiore

LaRC Air Quality Applications Group Sushil Chandra Jerry Ziemke

Randall Martin Dalhousie University

EMIS: Improve Emission Inventories of Environmentally Relevant Species

TOP-DOWN CONSTRAINTS ON EMISSION INVENTORIES OF OZONE PRECURSORS

SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS OF ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY

Randall Martin, Daniel Jacob, Jennifer Logan, Paul Palmer

Randall Martin Aaron Van Donkelaar Daniel Jacob Dorian Abbot

Using Satellite Observations to Understand Tropospheric Ozone

North American Hydrocarbon Emissions Measured from Space

Constraining Emissions with Satellite Observations

Satellite Remote Sensing of Ozone-NOx-VOC Sensitivity

Space-based Diagnosis of Surface Ozone Sensitivity to Anthropogenic Emissions Randall Martin Aaron Van Donkelaar Arlene Fiore.

Kelly Chance Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory

Estimation of Emission Sources Using Satellite Data

Chris Sioris Kelly Chance

SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS OF OZONE PRECURSORS FROM GOME

Effects of global change on U.S. ozone air quality

Daniel Jacob Paul Palmer Mathew Evans Kelly Chance Thomas Kurosu

MEASUREMENT OF TROPOSPHERIC COMPOSITION FROM SPACE IS DIFFICULT!

Randall Martin Mid-July

Presentation transcript:

Analysis of Satellite Observations to Estimate Production of Nitrogen Oxides from Lightning Randall Martin Bastien Sauvage Ian Folkins Chris Sioris Chris Boone Peter Bernath University of Saskatchewan Jerry Ziemke

Global Lightning NOx Emissions Remain Poorly Constrained (1–13 Tg N/yr) Flashes km -2 min -1 DJF JJA 10-year Mean Flash Rate from the OTD & LIS Satellite Instruments Global rate 44±5 flash/sec [Christian et al. 2003] 30 – 400 moles NO per flash

Top-down Information from the SCIAMACHY, ACE, OMI, and MLS Satellite Instruments SCIAMACHY Aug 2002-present Nadir spatial resolution 60x30 km 2 Tropospheric NO 2 Columns (Martin et al., in press) ACE-FTS Jan 2004-present Limb Measurements in the Upper Troposphere High Resolution FTS (33 species) HNO 3 (Bernath et al., 2005; Boone et al., 2005) OMI & MLS Aug 2004-present Both instruments onboard Aura satellite OMI nadir UV-Vis, 24x13 km 2 with daily global coverage MLS thermal emission microwave limb sounder Tropospheric O 3 (Ziemke et al., in press)

Current Estimate of Annual Global NOx Emissions molecules N cm -2 s -1 Lightning 6 Tg N yr -1 Other NOx sources: (fossil fuel, biofuel, biomass burning, soils) 39 Tg N yr -1

Tropospheric NO 2 Columns Retrieved from SCIAMACHY Retrieval Uncertainty ±(5x10 14 molec cm %) Martin et al., in press Tropospheric NO 2 (10 15 molecules cm -2 ) Nov - Apr May - Oct NO / NO2   w Altitude

Simplified Chemistry of Nitrogen Oxides Exploit Longer Lifetimes in Upper Troposphere NO NO 2 NOx lifetime < day Nitrogen Oxides (NO x ) Boundary Layer NO / NO2   with altitude hv NO NO 2 O 3, RO 2 hv HNO 3 NOx lifetime ~ week lifetime ~ weeks Ozone (O 3 ) lifetime ~ month Upper Troposphere Ozone (O 3 ) lifetime ~ days HNO 3 O 3, RO 2

Strategy 1) Use chemical transport model to identify species, regions, and time periods dominated by the effects of lightning NOx emissions 2) Constrain lightning NOx emissions by interpreting satellite observations in those regions and time periods GEOS-Chem Chemical Transport Model Assimilated Meteorology (NASA GMAO) 2 o x2.5 o horizontal resolution, 30 vertical layers O 3 -NO x -VOC chemistry Lightning: 6 Tg N/yr, Price and Rind (1992), Pickering et al. (1998) Aerosols: SO NO 3 - -NH 4 + -H 2 O, dust, sea-salt, carbonaceous Bey et al., 1999 Fiore et al., 2002 Martin et al., 2002, 2003 Park et al., 2003, tracers ~90 species 300 reactions

Calculated Monthly Contribution of Lightning and Soils to NO 2 Column Column Fraction from Lightning (6 Tg N / yr) Column Fraction from Soils (6 Tg N / yr) Unitless Jan Jul Jan Jul GEOS-Chem Tropospheric NO 2 Column molec cm -2

Annual Mean Tropospheric NO 2 at Locations & Months with >50% of Column from Lightning and 50% of Column from Lightning and <25% from Soils Meridional Average SCIAMACHY (Uses 30% of Tropical Observations) GEOS-Chem with Lightning (-18% bias, r=0.75) GEOS-Chem without Lightning (-72% bias, r=0.70) Tropospheric NO 2 (10 14 molec cm -2 ) NO 2 Retrieval Error < 5x10 14 molec cm -2 GEOS-Chem with Lightning (6±2 Tg N yr -1 ) SCIAMACHY GEOS-Chem without Lightning

ACE HNO 3 over hPa for Jan 2004 – Feb 2006 HNO 3 Mixing Ratio (pptv) Data from Boone et al., 2005

GEOS-Chem Calculation of Contribution of Lightning to HNO 3 HNO 3 from LightningFraction from Lightning ΔpptvUnitless Focus on hPa HNO 3 With Lightning (6±2 Tg N yr -1 ) No Lightning Fraction of HNO 3 from Lightning Jan Jul

Annual Mean HNO 3 Over hPa at Locations & Months with > 60% of HNO 3 from Lightning Smoothed Meridional Average ACE (Uses 70% of Tropical Measurements) GEOS-Chem with Lightning (-1% bias, r=0.74) GEOS-Chem without Lightning (-79% bias, r=0.15) HNO 3 Mixing Ratio (pptv) ACE GEOS-Chem with Lightning (6±2 Tg N yr -1 ) GEOS-Chem without Lightning HNO 3 Retrieval Error ~35 pptv

OMI/MLS Tropospheric Ozone Column Jan Jul Dobson units Data from Ziemke et al. (in press)

Calculated Monthly Contribution of Lightning to O 3 Column O 3 Column from Lightning Column Fraction from Lightning ΔDobson Units Unitless Jan Jul

Annual Mean Tropospheric O 3 Columns at Locations & Months with > 40% of Column from Lightning Meridional Average OMI/MLS (Uses 25% of Tropical Measurements) GEOS-Chem with Lightning (4% bias, r=0.70) GEOS-Chem without Lightning (-42% bias, r=0.70) Tropospheric O 3 (Dobson Units) OMI/MLS GEOS-Chem with Lightning (6±2 Tg N yr -1 ) GEOS-Chem without Lightning O 3 Retrieval Error < 5 Dobson Units

Conclusions Global lightning NOx emissions are likely between 4 – 8 Tg N / yr 6 Tg N / yr is a best estimate Further refinement will require - improved satellite retrieval accuracy (i.e. NO 2 ) - more observations (i.e. HNO 3 ) - model development to better represent processes (i.e. soil NOx, vertical transport, ice uptake of HNO 3 ) Acknowledgements National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)