28/04/2017 The Rock Cycle

Sedimentary rocks 28/04/2017 Sandstone Limestone Conglomerate

Sedimentary rocks How sedimentary rocks are formed: 1) Weathering 28/04/2017 How sedimentary rocks are formed: 1) Weathering 2) Transportation 3) Deposition 4) Burial

Metamorphic rocks 28/04/2017 Quartzite Slate Marble

Metamorphic rocks 28/04/2017 Metamorphic rocks are formed by the combined effect of heat and pressure on other rocks: Pressure from rocks above… …and heat from magma nearby

Igneous rocks 28/04/2017 Granite Obsidian Pumice

Igneous rocks 28/04/2017 Igneous rocks are formed when lava or magma cools down and solidifies If the lava or magma cools QUICKLY it has SMALL crystals If the lava or magma cools SLOWLY it has BIG crystals

Sedimentary, igneous or metamorphic? Summary 28/04/2017 Sedimentary, igneous or metamorphic? How they were formed Appearance (e.g. sandstone, limestone, chalk) Small pieces of sediment were stuck together by salt and pressure from rocks above Usually soft, can contain fossils, easily eroded (e.g. basalt, granite) Liquid rock (magma or lava) cooled down and turned back into a solid Contain crystals, very hard, never contain fossils (e.g. marble, slate) Other rocks were acted on by heat and pressure over a long time Sometimes have tiny crystals, no fossils, always hard and sometimes arranged in layers

28/04/2017 The Rock Cycle

Rocks revision quiz What are the 3 types of rock? 28/04/2017 What are the 3 types of rock? What type of rock are the following: Sandstone, limestone, granite, basalt, slate What type of rock would a mountain probably be made out of? What are the two conditions needed for a metamorphic rock to form? Which metamorphic rock is formed from limestone? Why wouldn’t you find any fossils in igneous or metamorphic rocks? You find a rock containing crystals. What type of rock would it most probably be? What is molten rock that is inside the Earth called? What is molten rock that is outside the Earth (i.e. erupted) called?

Rocks revision quiz Name one example of physical weathering. 28/04/2017 Name one example of physical weathering. Name one example of biological weathering. Acid rain is an example of chemical weathering. What poisonous gas (given off by car exhausts and power stations) causes acid rain? Granite is an igneous rock and contains large crystals. Did it cool down slowly or quickly? In the rock cycle what causes igneous rock to become sedimentary rock? In the rock cycle again what causes the sedimentary rock to become metamorphic rock? Gravestones are usually made out of marble or granite instead of limestone or sandstone. Why? A piece of rock contains layers. What type of rock would it probably be?