ENERGY EFFICIENT TIME SYNCHRONIZATION PROTOCOL FOR MOBILE UNDERWATER ACOUSTIC SENSOR NETWORKS Under the Guidance of Submitted by Mr. P. Mukunthan, AP/CSE A. Hussain

Agenda Introduction Abstract Literature survey Problem formulation Objective Architecture Algorithm System requirements Result and discussion Communicated Conclusion References

Introduction Wireless sensor networks (WSN) refers to a group of dedicated sensors for monitoring and recording the physical conditions of the environment. WSN can not apply directly to underwater. Underwater sensor networks (UWSN) uses acoustic communications. UWSNs enable a wide range of aquatic applications, including coastal surveillance, environmental monitoring, undersea exploration and disaster prevention.

Abstract Time synchronization is an important requirement for many services provider in distributed networks. Many time synchronization protocols have been proposed for terrestrial Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). However, they cannot be applied to Under Water Sensor Network (UWSN). A time synchronization algorithm for UWSN must consider additional factors such as long propagation delays and sensor node mobility. A novel time synchronization protocol namely Acoustic Agreement Time Synchronization Protocol (AATSP). In AATSP, each sensor node synchronizes to a super node using time information flooded by super node as well as synchronizes to its neighbouring nodes using the agreement protocol.

Literature survey MU-Sync: A Time Synchronization Protocol for Underwater Mobile Networks Merits – Cluster-based synchronization. Demerits – Less accuracy. – High overhead.

Literature survey TSMU: A Time Synchronization Scheme for Mobile Underwater Sensor Networks Merits – It leverages Doppler effects and employs Kalman filter to improve the accuracy Demerits – High cost

Literature survey Time Synchronization for High Latency Acoustic Networks Merits – Point to point latency. – Covers up to 500m. Demerits – Consume high energy.

Literature survey Mobi-Sync: Efficient Time Synchronization for Mobile Underwater Sensor Networks Merits – Utilize the spatial correlation. Demerits – Send request to all nodes.

Problem formulation A synchronization algorithm for UWSN must consider additional factors such as long propagation delays from the use of acoustic communication and sensor node mobility. Most previous algorithms on time synchronization use a method that chooses a particular node and gives priority to transmitting a beacon signal to that node. Batteries of underwater sensor nodes are difficult to recharge. The UWSN will need to be energy efficient.

Objective The UWSN must be energy efficient this can be achieved by acoustic agreement time synchronization protocol by employing agreement protocol between the sensor nodes.

Architecture

Architectural Design 100 sensor nodes are randomly deployed in 1000 m X 1000 m X 1000 m region.

Algorithm Each ordinary node synchronizes to super node with time information flooded by it. Agree the clock speed and value of the super node. Executes an agreement protocol.

Existing System Super Node Ordinary Node Request Response

Proposed System Super Node Ordinary Node

Synchronization Super node Ordinary node Time T 1 [2] T 1 [1] t 2 [2] T 3 [2] P[1] P 1 [2] P 2 [2] m 0 [2] m 1 [2] t 2 [1] t 4 [2] P[1] ≠ P 1 [2] ≠ P 2 [2] Due to node mobility Ordinary node Time

System Requirements Hardware Requirements: System: Pentium IV 2.4 GHz. Hard Disk : 40 GB. Ram: 512 Mb. Software Requirements: Operating system : Linux Redhat Coding Language: TCL and C++ Front End: NS2 Simulation

Result and Discussion

Result and discussion

Trace Analysis

Communicated S.NOCONFERENCE NAME AND LOCATION CONFERENCE DATE STATUS 1IEEE International Conference on Information Communication & Embedded Systems, Chennai and Selected 2International Conference on Intelligent Computing Applications, Coimbatore and Selected 3International Conference on Electrical, Communication And Computing, Vandalur, Chennai and Selected

Conclusion AATSP aims to provide tight synchronization between neighbouring nodes while synchronizing them to the clock of a reference node at the same time. All sensor nodes agree on the clock speed and the clock value of the reference node by using the time information flooded by reference node by applying an agreement protocol.

References [1]Jun Liu, Zhong Zhou, Zheng Peng, Jun-hong Cui, Michael Zuba And Lance Fiondella, “Mobi-sync: Efficient Time Synchronization For Mobile Underwater Sensor Networks”, IEEE Transactions On Parallel And Distributed Systems, USA,Vol. 24, No. 2, pp. 406 – 416, Febuary [2]N. Chirdchoo, W.-S. Soh And K.C. Chua, “Mu-sync: A Time Synchronization Protocol For Underwater Mobile Networks”, Proceedings of Third Acm International Workshop on Underwater Networks, USA, pp. 34 – 42, June [3]Min Kyoung Park, And Volkan Rodoplu, “UWAN-MAC: An Energy-efficient Mac Protocol For Underwater Acoustic Wireless Sensor Networks”, IEEE Journal Of Oceanic Engineering, California, Santa Barbara, Vol. 32, No. 3, pp , August [4]Xing Tan And Jian Li, “Cooperative Positioning In Underwater Sensor Networks”,IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, USA, Vol. 58, No. 11, pp – 5871, April [5]A. Syed And J. Heidemann, “Time Synchronization For High Latency Acoustic Networks”, Proceedings on IEEE Information communication, USA, pp. 1 – 12, July 2006.

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