ELiTES 4 th General Meeting Michele Punturo EGO and INFN

Talk Outline History – Motivation of ELiTES – How meanwhile the scenario is changed KAGRA approved and in construction aLIGO in data taking AdV next year in data taking ET will not be alone in the future – Achievement of/in ELiTES Studies and progresses in the design and realisation of the cryogenic suspension 2

History of ELiTES ELiTES has been conceived during a General meeting of the Einstein Telescope design study project, in 2010, thanks to a suggestion of Prof. Kuroda The proposal has been submitted in 2011, when LIGO, Virgo where still taking data in their “enhanced” configuration and KAGRA was still named LCGT (and still to-be- approved) – ELiTES: ET-LCGT Telescopes Exchange of Scientists The project started in March

ELiTES Team The project has been focused on common technological issues for KAGRA and ET: – Suspensions – Thermal noise – Cryogenics – Underground – Coatings InstituteCountry EGOIT/FR ICRR/KAGRAJ Università di Roma "La Sapienza" IT Friedrich-Schiller Universitaet - Jena D University of GlasgowUK FOMNL MPGD Università degli Studi del Sannio IT University of West ScotlandUK CNRS (LMA & APC)FR

Intense exchange of scientists An intense (although not enough intense) programme of exchange has been set up – More than 62 person-months (Sept2015) from EU to Japan – More than 22 person-months (Sept2015) from Japan to EU 4 ELiTES General Meetings in Japan 1 Bilateral Japan-Italy in Tokyo (April 2013) 3 ET meetings in Europe with KAGRA participants 5

ELiTES general meetings 3 Oct 2012, 50 Participants 4 Dec 2013, 46 registrants 9 Feb 2015, 37 participants 6

ELiTES Activies Cryogenics and suspensions WP1 Mirror thermal noise and cryogenics WP2 Large-scale cryogenic infrastructure for KAGRA and ET WP3 Technical Work Packages 7

ELiTES main contributions Design, prototyping and test of the sapphire suspension of the KAGRA mirror Development of the bonding technique for sapphire substrates Characterization of the vibration noise of the KAGRA cryostats Mechanical performances of the optical coatings at cryogenic temperatures Kazuhiro Yamamoto ELiTES WP2 & ET R&D WG3 telecon Ettore Majorana 3rd ELiTES General meeting 8

Sapphire suspension T. Tomaru and K. Yamamoto joined assembly fused silica suspension of AdVirgo (23 rd -27 th of November). ELiTES stimulates such missions, funded by a specular Core-to-Core Programme in Japan (JSPS). Credits: K.Yamamoto, 4 th ELiTES meeting

Future of ELiTES ELiTES ends in February 2016 Because of a series of secondments still to be done, we have asked for an extension of one year – Until now - No definitive answer – We have to act as the project ends the 29/2/2016 – A series of formalities must be completed 2 reports (annual and final) – Results and achievements – Dissemination Deliverables & Milestones 10

Formalities: Deliverables last year DELIVERABLES WP 1WP 2WP 3WP 4 [document; 36; Nikhef, Physics–unirm1, ICRR-UT] Standalone performance of seismic isolation system and payload prototype will be tested also in presence of cryogenic links. The results will be synthetically reported. [document; 36; UNIGLASGOW, UWS, FSU, Physics–unirm1, UniSannio, CNRS-LMA] Report on mirror thermal noise: verify HR coatings on sapphire substrates for LCGT and comparison with HR coatings on silicon substrates for ET. [document; 40; FSU, Nikhef, Physics–unirm1 ICRR-UT] Report about the impact of pulse-tube compressor disturbance onto environmental noise background in cavern GW interferometer installations Web server (1), Coordination Committee (1), Annual reports (12,24,36,48), Workshops (12,24,36,48) [document; 36; Physics–unirm1, ICRR-UT] The need of further seismic isolation chains dedicated to thermal links will be assessed and a preliminary design for cryogenic application will be focused in a dedicated note. [document; 48; UNIGLASGOW, UWS, FSU, ICRR-UT] Overview of the thermal noise and cryogenic performance of sapphire and silicon suspensions. [document; 48; FSU, Nikhef, Physics–unirm1 ICRR-UT] A preliminary study of ET radiation shield based upon LCGT configuration. [document; 48; Physics–unirm1, ICRR-UT] Overall report on cryogenic payload, including heat link, and projection of LCGT design results on ET applications. [document; 48; CNRS-LMA, ICRR- UU] Report on mirrors for filter cavities [document; 48; FSU, Physics– unirm1 ICRR-UT] Overview of contamination free designs, description and detailed analysis. [document; 48; Physics–unirm1, ICRR-UT] A realistic scheme of sensor and actuators conceived for payload control in LCGT and a possible application for ET will be resumed in a dedicated document. 11

Formalities: Milestones M40Ovearall Seismic Suspension System test Physics–unirm1, UNIGLASGOW, UWS, FSU, Nikhef, UniSannio, ICRR-UTWP1 M36 evaluation and cryogenic thermal cycling of bonded sapphire componentsFSU, UNIGLASGOW, UWS, ICRR-UTWP2 M36 mechanical loss measurements of tantala and silica mirror coatings at low temperatureFSU, UNIGLASGOW, UWS, ICRR-UTWP2 M48Interferometer prototype performanceICRR-UT, Physics–unirm1, FSU, Nikhef, UnisannioWP2 M48Completion of technical design for LCGTICRR-UT, Physics–unirm1, FSU, Nikhef, UnisannioWP3 12

The Future after ELiTES In Europe we are addressing our interest to a new H2020 call, opening the 8 th of December 2015: – INFRAIA Integration of Research Infrastructures – Starting communities (small) Support for: – Networking : » Working group meetings, workshops ad visits – Trans-national access: » Access to the AdV and GEO600 research infrastructures Joint commissioning activities Joint technological development » Access to the data: Astronomers – Joint Research Activities: » Low Frequency and optical technologies (Towards ET) Possibility (to understand) to integrate in the project Research Infrastructures outside Europe – KAGRA and Advanced LIGO In case of success, the support will be

New Scenario The new project, if approved, will be embedded in a new scenario (2018+): – aLIGO-AdV network operative at high sensitivity – KAGRA in operation will join the network – Detection probably accomplished before the beginning of the new project It is really time to think to “What Next?” – Gravitational wave astronomy & astrophysics – Fundamental physics in BNS – GR precision tests – Cosmology 3G observatories 14

ET & CE The European project Einstein Telescope (ET) pioneered the studies of a 3 rd generation of observatories after the era of the advanced detectors Now also in USA the interest for a new facility grown up – A GWIC subcommittee has been proposed to coordinate these studies – The next ET meeting has been organised as a joint ET- Cosmic Explorer (CE) workshop 15

7 th ET (-CE) meeting 16

Presented today at the INFN “Piano Triennale” 17