T HERMOCHEMISTRY
E NERGY OF P HASE C HANGES : H EATING C URVE DURING PHASE CHANGES TEMPERATURE IS CONSTANT!!!!! Energy Increases!
E NERGY OF P HASE C HANGES : C OOLING C URVE What would a cooling curve look like? Energy Decreases!
T HERMOCHEMISTRY NOTES
T HERMOCHEMISTRY study of the transfer of energy as heat that accompanies chemical reactions and physical changes
H OW CAN HEAT MOVE IN A REACTION ? Exothermic: Heat is released (exits) Feels warm Endothermic: Heat is absorbed (enters) Feels cold
S PECIFIC H EAT Energy transferred depends on: The material The mass Specific Heat: amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram by one Celsius degree (1°C) or one kelvin (1 K). Unit: J/(g°C)
H EAT T RANSFER E QUATION Q = m c Δ T Q = energy lost or gained m = mass of the sample c = specific heat at a given pressure ∆T = difference between the initial and final temperatures.
E XAMPLE P ROBLEM How much heat is absorbed when an 869g iron bar cools from 94 o C to 5 o C? specific heat for iron is: J/(g o C) Equation: Q = m c Δ T
M EASURING H EAT T RANSFER open closedisolated SYSTEMSURROUNDINGS System: specific part of an experiment that is being studied
C ALORIMETRY Calorimeter: instrument used to measure heat absorbed or released. Energy released from the reaction is measured from the temp change of the water