JUDGMENTS

Transcendental Aesthetic of Time “Time is not an empirical concept deduced from any experience, for neither co-existence nor succession would enter into our perception, if the representation of time were not given a priori. Only when this representation a priori is given, can we imagine that certain things happen at the same time (simultaneously) or at different times (successively).” 1. “Time is the formal condition, a priori, of all phenomena whatsoever. Space, as the pure form of all external intuition, is a condition, a priori, of external phenomena only.” 2. “Transcendental aesthetic cannot count the concept of change among its a priori data, because time itself does not change, but only something which is in time. For this, the perception of something existing and of the succession of its determinations, in other words, experience, is required.”

Kant’s Transcendental Aesthetic Thing in- Itself Ding an sich Experience Representations a posteriori Hume’s Impressions a priori Forms of any possible Experience: Time Space(extension/figure) Hume’s Relations of Ideas Necessity & Universality belong to form of intuition, not to its content (representations) Realm of Traditional Metaphysics Hardness, Impenetrability

Transcendental Deduction of the Pure Concepts of the Understanding Objects Pure Concepts of the Understanding The Categories; i.e. unity Concepts of the Understanding Pure forms of sensible intuition[time & Space] i.e. quantity Aesthetic manifold Synthesis Sensuous Manifold Synthesis by imagination Synthetical unity via understanding 1. Synthesis of Apprehension 2. Synthesis of Reproduction 3. Synthesis of Recognition

Deduction of The Pure Concepts of The Understanding I. Of Quantity Unity=The ground of the possibility of experiencing anything as a thing. Plurality=There must be more than unity otherwise there would not be an experience of anything. Totality=The ability to represent unities in relation to one another; i.e. as in a field. II. Of Quality Reality=What a unity appears as Negation=What a unity does not appear as Limitation=The border of the unities appearance III. Of Relation Of Inherence and Subsistence=Note that the categories of Quantity allow for the relation of a unity to another unity as either independent or as a property of the other

Deduction of The Pure Concepts of The Understanding I. Of Quantity Unity=The ground of the possibility of experiencing anything as a thing. Plurality=There must be more than unity otherwise there would not be an experience of anything. Totality=The ability to represent unities in relation to one another; i.e. as in a field. II. Of Quality Reality=What a unity appears as Negation=What a unity does not appear as Limitation=The border of the unities appearance III. Of Relation Of Inherence and Subsistence=Note that the categories of Quantity allow for the relation of a unity to another unity as either independent or as a property of the other

Transcendental Unity of Apperception Unity* Limit Reality Negation Plurality Totality=Plurality plus Negation* *The Categories of the Pure Understanding are not equivalent to The Unity of Apperception which is the transcendental ground of the possibility of the pure concepts of the understanding--that is of synthesis and analysis at Inherence and subsistence