Acid Nomenclature

Traditional inorganic acids contain hydrogen combined with a negative ion. To name these compounds, apply the following rules: A. Binary Acids – an acid that contains TWO elements – a hydrogen and a non-metal ion

Naming Binary Acids 1. Use the prefix hydro- 2. Use the root of the full name of the nonmetallic element 3. Add the suffix –ic and the word acid

Naming Binary Acids Examples: HCL hydrochloric acid H 2 Se hydroselenic acid Hydro + root of non-metal + -ic and “ACID”

Practice Problems Name the following acids. – HBr – H 2 Se – HCl – HI – HF

Practice Problems Write formulas for the following acids: – Hydrofluoric acid – Hydrosulfuric acid – Hydrophosphoric acid – Hydrobromic acid – Hydroiodic acid

Naming Ternary Acids B.Ternary Acids – “oxyacids” – acids that contain hydrogen and a polyatomic ion that has oxygen 1. Determine the name of the polyatomic ion (radical). 2. Change the radical’s ending i. -ate changes to –ic ii. -ite changes to -ous

Naming Ternary Acids 1. Determine the name of the polyatomic ion (radical). 2. Change the radical’s ending i. -ate changes to –ic ii. -ite changes to –ous 3.Keep any prefixes like hypo- and per- 4.Add the word acid Radical name -ic (if ion ends in -ate) and ACID Or Radical name -ous (if ion ends in -ite) and ACID

Examples HClO 4 HClO 2 HClO 3 HClO

Writing Formulas for Oxyacids Hydrogen is always listed FIRST. Look at the name of the acid and find the radical. Remember that the -ic ending came from the -ate ion and the -ous ending came from the -ite ion. Write the formula so the total charge is equal to zero.

Examples Sulfuric Acid Sulfurous Acid Nitric Acid