Reproduction of any material whether by photocopying or storing in any medium by electronic means or otherwise is prohibited without prior written consent of Infineum International Limited. © Copyright INFINEUM INTERNATIONAL LIMITED All rights reserved See the legal disclaimer notice on "INFINEUM", "DOBANAX", "PARATAC", "SYNACTO", "VEKTRON", and the corporate mark comprising the interlocking ripple device are trademarks of Infineum International Ltd. “VISTONE” is a trademark of Exxon Mobil Corporation used under licence by Infineum International Limited. Phosphorus Retention Analysis of TMC Reference Oil Data Prepared for ESCIT, December 12,2006 Andrew J.D. Ritchie, Wangkan Lin

© Copyright INFINEUM INTERNATIONAL LIMITED Summary of Contents 1.Progress made in agreeing on the assumptions and detail of Phosphorus volatility calculations centered on the IIIG test qMass balance calculation spreadsheet 2.Analysis of the TMC IIIG reference oil datasets 3.Infineum conclusions.

© Copyright INFINEUM INTERNATIONAL LIMITED IIIG Mass Balance Calculation Spreadsheet (1) Example: Reference oil 434 mSpreadsheet circulated to all interested parties.

© Copyright INFINEUM INTERNATIONAL LIMITED IIIG Mass Balance Calculation Spreadsheet (2) Example: Reference oil 434

© Copyright INFINEUM INTERNATIONAL LIMITED Progress Assessing Industry IIIG Reference Oil Data mPeer review of calculation method completed and circulated to ESCIT members. qCalculations made only for the IIIG but test calculation method can be applied to any stationary test. mTMC requested calibrated labs to provide reference oil data (434,435,438) qData posted to web site qAll members can perform calculations using Infineum spreadsheet and TMC data.

© Copyright INFINEUM INTERNATIONAL LIMITED Average Total Phosphorous Losses in IIIG Reference Tests

© Copyright INFINEUM INTERNATIONAL LIMITED Average Total Phosphorous Losses in IIIG Reference Tests

© Copyright INFINEUM INTERNATIONAL LIMITED Average Phosphorous Loss via Liquid in IIIG Reference Tests

© Copyright INFINEUM INTERNATIONAL LIMITED Average Phosphorous Loss via Liquid Loss in IIIG Reference Tests

© Copyright INFINEUM INTERNATIONAL LIMITED Statistics of Phos Loss due to Liquid Loss mLSMEANS analysis of Phos Loss due to Liquid Loss of All Three Oils qTotal Sum of Square = qLab: Sum of Square = 0.40 (4%) F-ratio=1.60 and not significant qOil: Sum of Square = 0.45 (4%) F-ratio=2.71 and Prob(>F)=0.071 qError: Sum of Square = 9.44 (92%) mOil 434 and Oil 435 qLSMEANS difference = 0.036; Std Error = qThe difference is not significant

© Copyright INFINEUM INTERNATIONAL LIMITED Average Phosphorous Loss due to Volatility in IIIG Reference Tests

© Copyright INFINEUM INTERNATIONAL LIMITED Average Phosphorous Loss due to Volatility in IIIG Reference Tests

© Copyright INFINEUM INTERNATIONAL LIMITED mLSMEANS analysis of Phos Loss due to Volatility of All Three Oils qTotal Sum of Square = 6.05 qLab: Sum of Square = 0.45 (8%) F-ratio=9.89 and significant qOil: Sum of Square = 3.77 (62%) F-ratio=123.5 and significant qError: Sum of Square = 1.74 (29%) mOil 434 and Oil 435 qLSMEANS difference = 0.32; Std Error = 0.02 qThe difference is significant Statistics of Phos Loss due to Volatility

© Copyright INFINEUM INTERNATIONAL LIMITED Average Phosphorous Retention in IIIG Reference Tests

© Copyright INFINEUM INTERNATIONAL LIMITED Average Phosphorous Retention in IIIG Reference Tests

© Copyright INFINEUM INTERNATIONAL LIMITED mLSMEANS analysis of Phos Retention of All Three Oils qTotal Sum of Square = 1381 qLab: Sum of Square = 43 (3%) F-ratio=3.02 and significant qOil: Sum of Square = 788 (57%) F-ratio=83.6 and significant qError: Sum of Square = 538 (39%) mOil 434 and Oil 435 qLSMEANS difference = 6.3; Std Error = 0.36 qThe difference is significant Statistics of Phos Retention

© Copyright INFINEUM INTERNATIONAL LIMITED Summary of IIIG Reference Oil Phosphorus Loss Calculations mReference oil data on Reference Oil 438 and a “GF-4 prototype oil” Reference Oil 434 show some typical phosphorus volatility numbers and allow improvements for GF-5 to be targeted. q434 and 438 have similar Phosphorus volatility characteristics which are probably typical of the majority of commercial GF-4 oils. ACC is soliciting members to provide commercial GF-4 IIIG data to confirm this. TMC manual quotes: 434: % P; 438: % P. q435 has measurably better Phosphorus volatility characteristics than oils 434 and 438. mIn the IIIG, using data from 434 and 438 only, normalized to 0.08%P, most of the phosphorus lost occurs through volatility. Phos. loss through volatility((1.15*0.08/0.0732)+(1.26*0.08/0.0937))/2 = 1.17 grams Phos. loss through liquid form((0.67*0.08/0.0732)+(0.78*0.08/0.0937))/2 = 0.70 gram Total Phos. Loss1.87 gram Total Phos. Input in engine oil4.67 gram Percentage Phos Loss40%

© Copyright INFINEUM INTERNATIONAL LIMITED IIIG Reference Oil Phosphorus Loss Calculations – Directions for GF-5 mIn discussions with some individual ILSAC members, it is Infineum's understanding that it is ILSAC's desire to achieve a P volatility reduction of 0.03/0.08 or 37.5% over current GF-4 oils. mThis equates in the above data to a P loss through volatility limit of about 0.73g Phosphorus. i.e. 1.17g*(0.05/0.08) = 0.73g mEstimated Phos retention at 0.73 gram qTotal Phos input at 0.08% phos level = 4.67 gram qEstimated Phos Retention = (4.67 gram – 0.73 gram)/4.67 gram * 100% = 84.4%

© Copyright INFINEUM INTERNATIONAL LIMITED Conclusions mThe reduction in the total amount of phosphorus lost, achieved by using a low volatility ZDDP instead of a conventional ZDDP, can be about the same as the reduction achieved by reducing the phosphorus content in the oil from 0.08% to 0.05%. qTaken from Sept 28 th ESCIT presentation. qSupported by data shown today, which indicates: 1.The IIIG can be used to ensure a benefit in catalyst/emissions system protection equivalent to that which could be achieved by reducing P levels from 0.08 to 0.05% (37.5%). 2.If another method surfaces which is judged by ESCIT to be better than the IIIG in this regard, it can come forward as the preferred method. 3.ESCIT should establish a timeline for evaluating other test methods and reaching a decision on the best method available to recommend to the ILSAC/Oil Committee.

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