Introduction to Technical Drawing Adapted from Project Lead the Way, Principles of Engineering

1 cm 8 cm 7 cm ALUMINUM FOIL PVC PIPE SPRAY INSULTATION PVC CAP ICE CUBE PROTECTOR

1 cm 8 cm 7 cm ALUMINUM FOIL PVC PIPE SPRAY INSULTATION PVC CAP ICE CUBE PROTECTOR Alphabet of Lines Object line Thick lines (0.6 mm) that show the visible edges of an object

1 cm 8 cm 7 cm ALUMINUM FOIL PVC PIPE SPRAY INSULTATION PVC CAP ICE CUBE PROTECTOR Alphabet of Lines Hidden line Lighter, dashed lines show objects behind top layers

1 cm 8 cm 7 cm ALUMINUM FOIL PVC PIPE SPRAY INSULTATION PVC CAP ICE CUBE PROTECTOR Alphabet of Lines Short break line A freehand drawn line that shows where a part is broken to reveal detail behind the part

1 cm 8 cm 7 cm ALUMINUM FOIL PVC PIPE SPRAY INSULTATION PVC CAP ICE CUBE PROTECTOR Alphabet of Lines Section lines Lines used to define where there is material after part of the object is cut away

1 cm 8 cm 7 cm ALUMINUM FOIL PVC PIPE SPRAY INSULTATION PVC CAP ICE CUBE PROTECTOR Alphabet of Lines Center lines Lines that define the center of arcs, circles, or symmetrical part, 0.3 mm thick

1 cm 8 cm 7 cm ALUMINUM FOIL PVC PIPE SPRAY INSULTATION PVC CAP ICE CUBE PROTECTOR Alphabet of Lines Dimension lines Lines (0.3 mm) used to show distance. Arrows are drawn to show where the dimension starts and ends. Distance listed in middle. Used with extension lines.

1 cm 8 cm 7 cm ALUMINUM FOIL PVC PIPE SPRAY INSULTATION PVC CAP ICE CUBE PROTECTOR Alphabet of Lines Dimension lines Lines (0.3 mm) used to show distance. Arrows are drawn to show where the dimension starts and ends. Distance listed in middle. Used with extension lines. Extension lines Lines used to show where dimension starts and stops on an object. Starts a short distance away from part to avoid confusion with object lines

1 cm 8 cm 7 cm ALUMINUM FOIL PVC PIPE SPRAY INSULTATION PVC CAP ICE CUBE PROTECTOR Alphabet of Lines Phantom lines Lines used to identify alternate positions that a part may take, e.g., lid raises

1 cm 8 cm 7 cm ALUMINUM FOIL PVC PIPE SPRAY INSULTATION PVC CAP ICE CUBE PROTECTOR Alphabet of Lines Magnified view Small circle indicates area of magnification. Large circle indicates details of that area.

Sample Shows design details Includes dimensions & size requirements Initialed and dated Includes title

Sketching Techniques Sketching a Line. Sketching a Line.

Orthographic (Multiview Drawings) Orthographic projection is a way to project a view based on a line of sight that is perpendicular to that view. Orthographic projection is a way to project a view based on a line of sight that is perpendicular to that view. There are six of these views to any object. There are six of these views to any object.

Orthographic (Multiview Drawings) Arrows represent line of sight associated with each view

Orthographic Principal Views Each view is adjacent to the other as if the views were unfolded from 3D shape Front, top, right views used most often.

Orthographic View Selection  Most natural position  Longest dimension  Best shape description  No hidden lines

Orthographic View Selection Numbers Another decision on view selection you need to make is how many views. Another decision on view selection you need to make is how many views. You usually do not need more than three but you may only need one or two. You usually do not need more than three but you may only need one or two.

One View Selection  Uniform shape  Two identical views  All dimensions easily shown

One View Selection  Evenly-thick, flat objects

Two View Selection  Symmetrical parts (third view identical to other views)  Second view necessary for depth

References Madsen, David A., Shumaker, Terence M., Stark, Catherine, Turpin, J. Lee, Engineering Drawing and Design Second Edition,Delmar Publishers, 1996, ISBN Madsen, David A., Shumaker, Terence M., Stark, Catherine, Turpin, J. Lee, Engineering Drawing and Design Second Edition,Delmar Publishers, 1996, ISBN Brown, David, You Can Draw,North Light Books, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1986, ISBN Brown, David, You Can Draw,North Light Books, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1986, ISBN Olivo, Dr. C. Thomas, Olivo, Thomas P., Basic Blueprint Reading and Sketching Sixth Edition, Delmar Publishers Inc., 1993, ISBN Olivo, Dr. C. Thomas, Olivo, Thomas P., Basic Blueprint Reading and Sketching Sixth Edition, Delmar Publishers Inc., 1993, ISBN Johnson, Cindy M., Lockhart, Shawna D., Engineering Design Communication, Prentice Hall, 2000, ISBN Johnson, Cindy M., Lockhart, Shawna D., Engineering Design Communication, Prentice Hall, 2000, ISBN Spencer, Henry Cecil, Dygdon, John Thomas, Novak, James E; Basic Technical Drawing 6th Edition; Glencoe McGraw Hill; New York, New York,1995, ISBN Spencer, Henry Cecil, Dygdon, John Thomas, Novak, James E; Basic Technical Drawing 6th Edition; Glencoe McGraw Hill; New York, New York,1995, ISBN