Bell Work 11/8/2011 Then let not winter's ragged hand deface In thee thy summer, ere thou be distill'd: Make sweet some vial; treasure thou some place With beauty's treasure, ere it be self-kill'd. That use is not forbidden usury, Which happies those that pay the willing loan; That's for thyself to breed another thee, Or ten times happier, be it ten for one; Ten times thyself were happier than thou art, If ten of thine ten times refigured thee: Then what could death do, if thou shouldst depart, Leaving thee living in posterity? Be not self-will'd, for thou art much too fair, To be death's conquest and make worms thine heir. What is the rhyme scheme? ABABCDCDEFEFGGABABCDCDEFEFGG

William Shakespeare Widely regarded as the greatest writer in English Literature

Born April Died 1616

Shakespeare Stratford-on-Avon, England wrote 37 plays about 154 sonnets started out as an actor

A sonnet is a 14-line verse form usually having one of several conventional rhyme schemes. Iambic Pentameter- a common meter in poetry consisting of an unrhymed line with five feet or accents, each foot containing an unaccented syllable and an accented syllableIAMBIC PENTAMETERIAMBIC PENTAMETER

Shakespeare’s wife’s house Hewland Farm in Shottery

Anne Hathaway Grew up on a farm in Shottery about a mile from where WS lived 25/26 when they married- old maid but she had a dowry Will was 17/18 when they married They HAD to get married

Shakespeare’s Birthplace

Holy Trinity parish church- Stratford Upon Avon where Shakespeare is buried You can go in and see his grave and those of his wife and children

There he is!

Stage Celebrity Actor for Lord Chamberlain’s Men (London theater co.) Also > principal playwright for them 1599> Lord Ch. Co. built Globe Theater where most of Sh. Play’s were performed

The Globe Theater

Shakespeare wrote: Comedies Histories Tragedies

The Theater Plays produced for the general public Roofless>open air No artificial lighting Courtyard surrounded by 3 levels of galleries

Spectators Wealthy got benches “Groundlings”>poorer people stood and watched from the courtyard (“pit”) All but wealthy were uneducated/illiterate Much more interaction than today

Staging Areas Stage>platform that extended into the pit Dressing & storage rooms in galleries behind & above stage second-level gallery> upper stage> famous balcony scene in R & J Trap door>ghosts “Heavens”> angelic beings

Differences No scenery Settings > references in dialogue Elaborate costumes Plenty of props Fast-paced, colorful>2 hours!

Actors Only men and boys Young boys whose voices had not changed play women’s roles Would have been considered indecent for a woman to appear on stage

Dramatic Foil A character whose purpose is to show off another character –Benvolio for Tybalt look for others in R & J

Round characters Characters who have many personality traits, like real people.

Flat Characters One-dimensional, embodying only a single trait –Shakespeare often uses them to provide comic relief even in a tragedy

Static Characters Characters within a story who remain the same. They do not change. They do not change their minds, opinions or character.

Dynamic Character Characters that change somehow during the course of the plot. They generally change for the better.

Monologue One person speaking on stage > may be other character on stage too –ex > the Prince of Verona commanding the Capulets and Montagues to cease feuding

Soliloquy Long speech expressing the thoughts of a character alone on stage. In R & J, Romeo gives a soliloquy after the servant has fled and Paris has died.

Aside Words spoken, usually in an undertone not intended to be heard by all characters

Pun Shakespeare loved to use them!!! –Humorous use of a word with two meanings > sometimes missed by the reader because of Elizabethan language and sexual innuendo

Direct Address Words that tell the reader who is being addressed: “A right fair mark, fair coz, is soonest hit.” “Ah, my mistresses, which of you all/ Will now deny to dance?”

Dramatic Irony A contradiction between what a character thinks and what the reader/audience knows to be true

Verbal Irony Words used to suggest the opposite of what is meant

Situational Irony An event occurs that directly contradicts the expectations of the characters, the reader, or the audience

Comic Relief Use of comedy within literature that is NOT comedy to provide “relief” from seriousness or sadness. In R & J, look for moments of comic relief that help “relieve” the tragedy of the situation

Macbeth Written about 1606 England Considered a tragedy First published 1623 with THE FIRST FOLIO

Tragedy (Shakespearean) Drama where the central character/s suffer disaster/great misfortune –In many tragedies, downfall results from> Fate Character flaw/Fatal flaw Combination of the two

Create a sonnet Get into groups of 4 to write your own sonnet How many lines? How are those lines set up? What are the collections of lines called and why? What is the rhyme scheme? Your theme should be Love for Riverdale Football Ticket out the door- Share your sonnets