~ 5,000 aquatic beetles worldwide

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Presentation transcript:

~ 5,000 aquatic beetles worldwide Coleoptera ~ 5,000 aquatic beetles worldwide

Most live in substrate: Adults usually leave water temporarily - dispersal. One time - Elmidae (riffle beetles) Several times - Dytiscidae, Hydrophilidae

Respiration? 1. Self-contained air reserves (Dytiscidae - diving beetle) 2. Transcuticular respiration (gills in larvae) 3. Plastron respiration (adult Dryopidae) 4. Piercing plant tissues (larval Chrysomelidae) Slender antennae Hind coxae extend posteriorly divide first abdominal segment Swimming hairs on legs

Respiration? 1. Self-contained air reserves (Dytiscids) 2. Transcuticular respiration (gills in larvae) 3. Plastron respiration (adult Dryopidae) 4. Piercing plant tissues (larval Chrysomelidae)

Respiration? 1. Self-contained air reserves (Dytiscids) 2. Transcuticular respiration (gills in larvae) 3. Plastron respiration (adult Dryopidae) 4. Piercing plant tissues (larval Chrysomelidae) Long toed water beetles Woolly hairs except last abdominal segment Short antennae

Respiration? 1. Self-contained air reserves (Dytiscids) 2. Transcuticular respiration (gills in larvae) 3. Plastron respiration (adult Dryopidae) 4. Piercing plant tissues (larval Chrysomelidae)

Varied life histories Some larvae occur year round, adults for short period (Psephenidae) Water pennies Larvae are aquatic, adults terrestrial

Varied life histories Others occur as larvae and adults year round – Elmidae = riffle beetles Long antennae 5-segmented tarsi Crawl on bottom - do not swim = no swimming hairs on hind legs 5-6 abdominal segments

Varied life histories Others have long adult; larva only around a few weeks - Hydrophilidae Water scavenger beetles Adult 3 segmented club antennae 5 segmented tarsi Larvae Large mandibles 4 segmented legs

Scirtidae = marsh beetles Adults = terrestrial! Scirtidae = marsh beetles Small (5 - 15 mm) Larvae have long antennae 4-segmented legs, single claw

Beetle pupae are mostly terrestrial Under stones or logs Few marine beetles - substrate dwellers

Larval morphology = diverse Sclerotized head capsule Mandibles, maxillae, labium Gill-like appendages in some (Gyrinidae = whirligig beetles)

Coleoptera

Coleoptera

Coleoptera

Coleoptera

The key 2 compound eyes that appear to be divided = Gyrinidae, whirligig beetles

Eyes not divided, hind coxae divided into plates that cover abdominal segments 1-2, or 3 Haliplidae, crawling water beetles

Hind coxae not expanded into plates, divide abdominal segment 1 Dytiscidae, predaceous diving beetles

Hind coxae not dividing abdominal segment 1, antennae clubbed with cuplike segment at base Hydrophilidae, water scavenger beetles

Antennae short with comb-like club, body length 5-6.5 mm Dryopidae, long-toed water beetles

Antennae w/o comblike club, body length < 4.5 mm Elmidae, riffle beetles