Holt Algebra Polynomials Warm Up Evaluate each expression for the given value of x. 1. 2x + 3; x = 22. x 2 + 4; x = –3 3. –4x – 2; x = –14. 7x 2 + 2x = 3 Identify the coefficient in each term. 5. 4x 3 6. y n 7 8. – –1 10-1

Holt Algebra Polynomials Classify polynomials and write polynomials in standard form. Evaluate polynomial expressions. Objectives 10-1

Holt Algebra Polynomials monomial degree of a monomial polynomial degree of a polynomial standard form of a polynomial leading coefficient Vocabulary binomial trinomial quadratic cubic 10-1

Holt Algebra Polynomials A monomial is a number, a variable, or a product of numbers and variables with whole-number exponents. The degree of a monomial is the sum of the exponents of the variables. A constant has degree

Holt Algebra Polynomials Example 1: Finding the Degree of a Monomial Find the degree of each monomial. A. 4p4q34p4q3 The degree is 7. Add the exponents of the variables: = 7. B. 7ed The degree is 2. Add the exponents of the variables: 1+ 1 = 2. C. 3 The degree is 0. Add the exponents of the variables: 0 =

Holt Algebra Polynomials The terms of an expression are the parts being added or subtracted. See Lesson 1-7. Remember! 10-1

Holt Algebra Polynomials Check It Out! Example 1 Find the degree of each monomial. a. 1.5k 2 m The degree is 3. Add the exponents of the variables: = 3. b. 4x4x The degree is 1. Add the exponents of the variables: 1 = 1. b. 2c32c3 The degree is 3. Add the exponents of the variables: 3 =

Holt Algebra Polynomials A polynomial is a monomial or a sum or difference of monomials. The degree of a polynomial is the degree of the term with the greatest degree. 10-1

Holt Algebra Polynomials Find the degree of each polynomial. Example 2: Finding the Degree of a Polynomial A. 11x 7 + 3x 3 11x 7 : degree 7 3x 3 : degree 3 The degree of the polynomial is the greatest degree, 7. Find the degree of each term. B. Find the degree of each term. The degree of the polynomial is the greatest degree, 4. :degree 3 :degree 4 – 5: degree

Holt Algebra Polynomials Check It Out! Example 2 Find the degree of each polynomial. a. 5x – 6 5x: degree 1 Find the degree of each term. The degree of the polynomial is the greatest degree, 1. b. x 3 y 2 + x 2 y 3 – x x 3 y 2 : degree 5 The degree of the polynomial is the greatest degree, 5. Find the degree of each term. – 6: degree 0 x 2 y 3 : degree 5 – x 4 : degree 42: degree

Holt Algebra Polynomials The terms of a polynomial may be written in any order. However, polynomials that contain only one variable are usually written in standard form. The standard form of a polynomial that contains one variable is written with the terms in order from greatest degree to least degree. When written in standard form, the coefficient of the first term is called the leading coefficient. 10-1

Holt Algebra Polynomials Write the polynomial in standard form. Then give the leading coefficient. Example 3A: Writing Polynomials in Standard Form 6x – 7x 5 + 4x Find the degree of each term. Then arrange them in descending order: 6x – 7x 5 + 4x –7x 5 + 4x 2 + 6x + 9 Degree –7x 5 + 4x 2 + 6x + 9. The standard form is The leading coefficient is –

Holt Algebra Polynomials Write the polynomial in standard form. Then give the leading coefficient. Example 3B: Writing Polynomials in Standard Form Find the degree of each term. Then arrange them in descending order: y 2 + y 6 − 3y y 2 + y 6 – 3y y 6 + y 2 – 3y Degree The standard form is The leading coefficient is 1. y 6 + y 2 – 3y. 10-1

Holt Algebra Polynomials A variable written without a coefficient has a coefficient of 1. Remember! y 5 = 1y

Holt Algebra Polynomials Check It Out! Example 3a Write the polynomial in standard form. Then give the leading coefficient. 16 – 4x 2 + x 5 + 9x 3 Find the degree of each term. Then arrange them in descending order: 16 – 4x 2 + x 5 + 9x 3 x 5 + 9x 3 – 4x Degree The standard form is The leading coefficient is 1. x 5 + 9x 3 – 4x

Holt Algebra Polynomials Check It Out! Example 3b Write the polynomial in standard form. Then give the leading coefficient. Find the degree of each term. Then arrange them in descending order: 18y 5 – 3y y –3y y y Degree The standard form is The leading coefficient is –3. –3y y y. 10-1

Holt Algebra Polynomials Some polynomials have special names based on their degree and the number of terms they have. Degree Name Constant Linear Quadratic or more 6 th,7 th,degree and so on Cubic Quartic Quintic NameTerms Monomial Binomial Trinomial Polynomial 4 or more

Holt Algebra Polynomials Classify each polynomial according to its degree and number of terms. Example 4: Classifying Polynomials A. 5n 3 + 4n Degree 3 Terms 2 5n 3 + 4n is a cubic binomial. B. 4y 6 – 5y 3 + 2y – 9 Degree 6 Terms 4 4y 6 – 5y 3 + 2y – 9 is a 6 th -degree polynomial. C. –2x Degree 1 Terms 1 – 2x is a linear monomial. 10-1

Holt Algebra Polynomials Classify each polynomial according to its degree and number of terms. Check It Out! Example 4 a. x 3 + x 2 – x + 2 Degree 3 Terms 4 x 3 + x 2 – x + 2 is a cubic polymial. b. 6 Degree 0 Terms 1 6 is a constant monomial. c. –3y y y Degree 8 Terms 3 –3y y y is an 8th-degree trinomial. 10-1