Key Historical Impacts on Twentieth Century History

 Revolutions  The Frankfurt Assembly  No Power=Failure.  Die Macht

 telegraph and railroads  Unification of Germany  Iron  advantages of unity

 The Four Great Powers  Prussian Army  Parliament  Liberals VS Junkers

 Otto von Bismarck  New Chief Minister  Realpolitik  “The Enemy of today might be the friend of tomorrow”  “Not by speeches and majority votes are the great questions of the day decided-that was the error of 1848 and 1849-but by blood and iron”.

 1864: The Schleswig- Holstein Question  Denmark  The German Confederation  Austria gets involved. How?  Disputes between Prussia and Austria.

 Austrian Aggression  needle gun  Who wins?  German Federal Union

 North German Confederation  What happened to the size of Prussia?  How many joined the federation?

 What did Bismarck want?  Spain in 1870: The new provisional government.  Prince Leopold of Hohenzollern  Benedetti  “Ems Dispatch”  July 19, 1870

 September 2, 1870  September 4, 1870  The 3 rd Republic  The siege of Paris

 January 18, 1871  Versailles  The German Empire  Alsace and Lorraine