Date of download: 6/22/2016 Copyright © The American College of Cardiology. All rights reserved. From: Assessment of Coronary Plaque Progression in Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Using a Semiquantitative Score J Am Coll Cardiol Img. 2009;2(11): doi: /j.jcmg Change in Coronary Plaque at 2-Year Follow-Up Contrast-enhanced image of the right coronary artery is displayed (A) with cross sections perpendicular to the vessel centerline at baseline (B1, B2, and B3) and 2-year follow-up (C1, C2, and C3). Cross sections were coregistered by use of the distance from the right coronary ostium. B1 and C1 demonstrate no plaque at baseline and no plaque at follow-up; B2 and C2 demonstrate no plaque at baseline and noncalcified plaque at follow-up; B3 and C3 demonstrate noncalcified plaque at baseline and noncalcified plaque at follow-up with the development of luminal obstruction (stenosis). Figure Legend:

Date of download: 6/22/2016 Copyright © The American College of Cardiology. All rights reserved. From: Assessment of Coronary Plaque Progression in Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Using a Semiquantitative Score J Am Coll Cardiol Img. 2009;2(11): doi: /j.jcmg Progression of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Burden Progression of coronary atherosclerotic burden expressed as a change in the percentage of cross sections containing plaque between baseline and follow-up as detected by 64-slice coronary computed tomography stratified by plaque composition. Among 69 subjects, the mean number of cross sections containing any plaque increased by 12.7% (16.5 ± 25.3 vs ± 25.5, p = 0.01) during a period of 24 ± 3 months. Stratification by plaque composition revealed a significant 41.9% increase in noncalcified plaque (3.1 ± 5.8 vs. 4.4 ± 7.0 cross sections containing noncalcified plaque, p = 0.04) but no significant increase in calcified plaque (13.3 ± 23.1 vs ± 22.0 cross sections containing calcified plaque, p = 0.2). Figure Legend:

Date of download: 6/22/2016 Copyright © The American College of Cardiology. All rights reserved. From: Assessment of Coronary Plaque Progression in Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Using a Semiquantitative Score J Am Coll Cardiol Img. 2009;2(11): doi: /j.jcmg Correlation of the Semiquantitative Score to Progression of Plaque Volume Scatter plot demonstrates the comparison of absolute plaque progression in a subset of 34 vessels as determined by the semiquantitative score by the use of cross sections and plaque volume measurements. Plaque volume (in mm 3 ) was measured by the use of automated software (SUREPlaque, Vitrea 2, Vital Images) and defined as any pixels with an attenuation between +1,300 and −100 HU within the area between outer vessel boundary and inner luminal boundary. Pearson coefficient of r = 0.75, p < indicated a robust correlation between absolute change in number of cross sections containing plaque and absolute change of plaque volume as expressed as a partial regression line (solid line) plus 95% confidence interval (dotted line) in the plot. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 6/22/2016 Copyright © The American College of Cardiology. All rights reserved. From: Assessment of Coronary Plaque Progression in Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Using a Semiquantitative Score J Am Coll Cardiol Img. 2009;2(11): doi: /j.jcmg Predictors of Plaque Progression Estimated effect sizes of covariates in univariable longitudinal regression models for mean plaque progression over the course of 24 ± 3 months. The forest plot displays estimated effect sizes of regression coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (x-axis). Covariates associated with a significant increase in plaque at 2 years were male sex, age as a continuous (cont.) and categorical variable, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, history of coronary artery disease (CAD), presence of baseline plaque, number of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF), and the Framingham risk score (FRS) as a continuous variable (cont). *Years of age, as compared to patients younger than 45 years; **number of positive cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, smoking, and family history of coronary artery disease, as compared to patients with no CVRF); ***FRS at baseline, as compared to subjects with FRS <4. BMI = body mass index. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 6/22/2016 Copyright © The American College of Cardiology. All rights reserved. From: Assessment of Coronary Plaque Progression in Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Using a Semiquantitative Score J Am Coll Cardiol Img. 2009;2(11): doi: /j.jcmg Multivariate Adjusted Predictors of Plaque Progression Estimated effect sizes of covariates in longitudinal regression models adjusted for age, sex, and the follow-up time interval. The forest plot displays estimated effect sizes of regression coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (x-axis). Covariates associated with a significant increase in plaque at 2 years were smoking, the presence of baseline plaque, and number of cardiovascular risk factors as a continuous (cont.) variable. *Years of age, as compared to patients younger than 45 years; **number of positive cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, smoking, and family history of coronary artery disease, as compared to patients with no CVRF). Abbreviations as in Figure 4. Figure Legend: