CHAPTER 11.3 Amphibians.

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Presentation transcript:

CHAPTER 11.3 Amphibians

POINT > Identify characteristics of amphibians POINT > Describe the life cycle of a frog POINT > Explain how amphibians get O2, circulate blood, get food, and move POINT > Define atrium and ventricle POINT > Explain how amphibians are environmental indicators

POINT > Identify characteristics of amphibians Amphibian means “double life” Amphibians live part of life in the water and part on land Amphibians were the first vertebrates to live on land! Still need water for reproduction First tetrapods! (4 legs)

CHECK: What does “amphibian” mean? Why are amphibians important in evolution? What is a tetrapod?

POINT > Identify characteristics of amphibians 3 Groups: 1. Frogs and toads 2. Salamanders and newts 3. Caecilians

POINT > Describe the life cycle of a frog Frogs go through a metamorphosis: Eggs hatch in water as fish-like tadpoles, that breath with gills Tadpoles grow rear and then front legs and transition to land as adults. Adults breath with lungs.

POINT > Describe the life cycle of a frog Newborn salamanders also begin life in water with gills, but look like small adults (not as much metamorphosis)

Tadpoles get oxygen with gills and have a 2-chambered heart POINT > Explain how amphibians get O2, circulate blood, get food, and move Tadpoles get oxygen with gills and have a 2-chambered heart Adults amphibians develop lungs and a 3-chambered heart Many adult amphibians also exchange gases through the skin

CHECK: How do tadpoles get oxygen? What are two ways adult amphibians get oxygen?

POINT > Define atrium and ventricle The atrium and ventricle are the chambers of the hearts of vertebrates The ventricle is usually more muscular than the atrium because it pumps blood with more force

POINT > Explain how amphibians get O2, circulate blood, get food, and move Amphibians lay soft, jelly-like eggs. They must be in water or they will dry out! Frogs/toads fertilize eggs externally Larva wriggle out after a few days into the water

CHECK: Why do amphibians have to lay their eggs in water?

POINT > Explain how amphibians get O2, circulate blood, get food, and move Tadpoles are usually herbivores Adults amphibians are usually carnivorores http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vxB2qcFJhjg

POINT > Explain why amphibians are environmental indicators Amphibian populations have been in steep decline world-wide Causes include habitat destruction, increased UV radiation, acid rain, and chemical pollution Amphibians are sensitive to the environment because of their thin and moist skin This makes amphibians an indicator of environmental deterioration

CHECK: What are three possible reasons for population declines in amphibians? Why are amphibians especially vulnerable to environmental changes?

Amphibian videos http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KRbVJGMlSZE salamander http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rrcMNxvzknc amphibians on the edge

HOMEWORK Read Chapter 12.3 Complete Study Guide Complete 12.3 Section Assessment page 386 GRAS Pages 159-161