Unit Objectives – 1. Identify major leaders and terms of the Industrial Revolution and evaluate their effects on the IR – 2. Identify and explain the basic principles of capitalism and how capitalism effects the lives of people who live within the system – 3. Identify and explain the pull factors for immigrants coming into the US and analyze the experience of these immigrants once they began living in the US. – 4. Explain and assess the working conditions and life of everyday workers of this era. Assess the need of labor unions and their goals once formed

Cycle 2 Homework Read Chapter 13, pg Note taking chart: pg. 436 Define: entrepreneur, laissez faire, mass production, trust, sweatshop, collective bargaining Read chapter 14, pg Note taking chart: pg. 472 Define: nativism, urbanization

Union Restored AA gain citizenship and voting rights Racial inequality, KKK Southern economy rebuilt New sharecropping system Effects of Reconstruction

2 nd Industrial Revolution and The Age of Immigration New Capitalism

Take out your shop assignments… Discuss with a small group around you: – How could the Reconstruction Era start an Industrial Revolution?

What is Economics? “The science that deals with the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, or the material welfare of humankind” Basically… – The “how to” of satisfying a society’s unlimited wants and needs

Capitalism Free market Supply and Demand Based on consumer choices Educational and job choice Little gov’t interference Goal is to make money The system is not individual dependent

Do you believe Capitalism is fair? Explain?

Fighting to Profit Develop of Corporations – Shared ownership of a business – Allowed investors to put money into a business to allow it to expand – Corporations grow to enormous sizes and begin making large sums of money

Fighting for Profit Decreasing cost of production + paying workers the lowest possible = Higher Profit Monopoly – Gaining complete control of product or service Vertical and Horizontal Integration – Gaining control of or creating a large company with all of business needs (transport., supplies, machinery)

Social Darwinism Theory by Charles Darwin (Scientist/Philosopher) “Survival of the Fittest” How can Darwin’s theory be applied to American lives and business? Adaption

Analyze and Explain the following… The best way to help the poor is to “place within reach the ladders upon which the aspiring can rise” “A man who dies rich, dies in disgrace”

Andrew Carnegie “Gospel of Wealth” (1889) – The role of big business within society Sold Carnegie Steel for $500 Million Gave over $350 Million to charity before and after he died College Scholarships Schools/Education Institutions Libraries in every state (execpt AK and DE

Today’s Carnegies Bill Gates (Microsoft) – $29 Billion to charities, libraries, education, health care Warren Buffet – Over $30 Billion

Production of the 2 nd IR Complete the chart to identify key inventors, inventions, and their effects on society Ch15-1 2nd Industrial Rev. What Was ProducedWho Were The ProducersEffects on Society Industrial Innovations Transportation Communication

Industrial Innovations

Transportation

Communication

Government Fights Back Gov’t wants to reduce stranglehold on companies for price competition Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890) – Made trusts and monopolies illegal – Very weak and did not work

The Working Class Factory owners seek to maximize profits – Lower production cost – Lower wages for workers Immigrants were popular choice to hire – No English – Far from home – In need of money

The Working Class Owners clock break times Fines for breaking rules 12+ Hour work days 6-7 Day work weeks Class gap is widening (Huh?)

The New Working Class Low wages mean family needs to get jobs Increase in women in workforce 1 in 5 children between no longer go to school so they can work No child labor laws!!

Immigration Research Old and New Immigrants? Importance of religion among immigrants? Jobs available to immigrants? – Mistreatment? How can we protect workers in the workplace?

Introduction of Labor Unions Workers begin to try to collectively bargain – Negotiate as a group for higher wages and better working conditions People belonging to unions were generally black balled or fired from jobs because of the problems unions cause for employers

Effects of 2 nd IR and New Working Class

Tell Me About It List 2 or more major characteristics of Capitalism. Explain why monopolies are bad for YOU the consumer.

Tell me about it… In which of the three areas that you researched do you feel made the biggest advancements? Explain yourself by giving specific examples. Explain the role of “rich” people in the following quote – The best way to help the poor is to “place within reach the ladders upon which the aspiring can rise”

Oh yeah? Tell me about it… Explain the characteristics of the new working class in the US during the Industrial Revolution. Describe the working conditions during this time and the need for labor unions.